3)表达出复数概念

　　He stretched his legs which were scattered with scars.他伸出双腿，露出腿上的道道伤痕。

　　4)把抽象概念表达清楚

　　After all preparations were made, the plane took off.一切准备工作就绪后，飞机就起飞了。类似的词还有：persuasion, backwardness, tension, arrogance, madness, antagonism, etc.

　　5)逻辑性增词

　　Air pressure decreases with altitude. 气压随海拔高度的增加而下降。

　　6)概括性增词

　　The Americans and Japanese conducted a completely secret exchange of message. 美日两国进行了一次完全保密的信息交流。

　　The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellitesand rockets.论文总结了电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭三方面的新成就。

　　7)从修辞和连贯角度考虑增词

　　The printer is indeed cheap and fine.这台打印机真是物美价廉。

　　A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses, his theories and his conclusion.科学家们经常设法否定自己的假设，推翻自己的理论，并放弃自己的结论。

　　8)重复性增词

　　Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。(英语在比较句、条件句或省略句中往往有较多省略，尤其是相同部分，在翻译中需要补充。)

　　2. 增词法在汉译英中运用

　　1)增添必要的代词

　　大作收到，十分高兴。I was very glad to have received your writing.

　　交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。Before handing in your translation, you haveto read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved.

　　2)增添必要的冠词

　　我们对问题要做全面的分析，才能解决得妥当。We must make a comprehensive analysis of aproblem before it can be properly solved.

　　3)增添必要的连接词语

　　留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood.

　　4)增添必要的介词

　　你是白天工作还是夜间工作?Do you work in the daytime or at night?

　　该地区已没什么城乡差别。There is little difference between town and country in this region.

　　5)增添必要的背景词语

　　三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang themastermind.

　　别班门弄斧。Don't try to show off your proficiency with the ax before Lu Ban the mastercarpenter.

　　这真是俗话说的，“旁观者清”。It is just as the proverb goes, “The onlooker sees most of thegame.”