新发展阶段 new development stage

　　党的十九届五中全会提出，After finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieving the first centenary goal, we will mark the first five years of China's new journey toward fully building a modern socialist country and march toward the second centenary goal, which means that China's development will enter a new stage.

　　全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标之后，我们要乘势而上开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军，这标志着我国进入了一个新发展阶段。

　　新发展格局 new development paradigm

　　2020年5月14日召开的中共中央政治局常务委员会会议指出，We should further deepening the supply-side structural reform and leverage the advantages of China's super-large market and domestic demand potential to create a new development pattern where domestic and foreign market can boost each other.

　　要深化供给侧结构性改革，充分发挥我国超大规模市场优势和内需潜力，构建国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。

　　关键词一：基础研究 basic research

　　困扰中国科技发展的“卡脖子”之痛，根在基础。《政府工作报告》提出：

　　基础研究是科技创新的源头，要健全稳定支持机制，大幅增加投入，中央本级基础研究支出增长10.6%，落实扩大经费使用自主权政策。

　　Basic research is the wellspring of scientific and technological innovation. So we will ensure the stable functioning of funding mechanisms for basic research and boost spending in this area by a considerable sum. Central government expenditures on basic research will increase by 10.6 percent.Research institutes will have more say about how funds should be used.

　　关键词二：战略科技力量 strategic scientific and technological strength

　　国家战略科技力量代表了国家科技创新的最高水平。《政府工作报告》提出：

　　强化国家战略科技力量,推进国家实验室建设，完善科技项目和创新基地布局。实施好关键核 心技术攻关工程，深入谋划推进“科技创新2030—重大项目”。

　　We will improve our strategic scientific and technological strength. The building of national laboratories will continue, and the layout of science and technology programs and innovation centers will be improved. We will ensure the success of projects launched to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields, further plan and implement the Sci-Tech Innovation 2030 Agenda.

　　关键词三：人才创新活力 the creativity of talent

　　受制于压任务、定指标、求数量等一些科研评价倾向，不少科技人员表示“压力山大”。《政府工作报告》提出：

　　完善项目评审和人才评价机制，切实减轻科研人员不合理负担，使他们能够沉下心来致力科学探索，以“十年磨一剑”精神在关键核 心领域实现重大突 破。

　　The mechanisms for assessing projects and evaluating personnel will be refined. These actions will help relieve researchers of undue burdens and enable them to fully devote their time and energy to making scientific explorations and major breakthroughs in key technologies, just as a blacksmith in the past would spend years forging the perfect sword.

　　关键词四：揭榜挂帅 the open competition mechanism to select the best candidates

　　《政府工作报告》提出，2021年要改革科技重大专项实施方式：

　　改革科技重大专项实施方式，推广“揭榜挂帅”等机制。支持有条件的地方建设国际和区域科技创新中心，增强国家自主创新示范区等带动作用。

　　We will reform the way that major science and technology programs are implemented, and extend mechanisms, such as the open competition mechanism to select the best candidates to undertake key research projects, to more areas. We support localities with requisite conditions to develop international and regional centers for science and technology innovation, and better leverage the guiding role of institutions such as national innovation demonstration zones.

　　关键词五：企业创新主体 the principal role of enterprises in innovation

　　面对新一轮科技革命浪潮，如果仅靠“一招鲜”，很难“吃遍天”。《政府工作报告》提出：

　　运用市场化机制激励企业创新。强化企业创新主体地位，鼓励领 军企业组建创新联合体，拓展产学研用融合通道，健全科技成果产权激励机制。

　　We will leverage market forces to encourage enterprises to engage in innovation. We will boost the principal role of enterprises in innovation, and encourage leading enterprises to establish innovation consortia. We will expand the channels that bring together enterprises, universities, research institutes and end-users, and refine the equity-based incentive mechanisms for scientific and technological advances.