翻译资格考试

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2020CATTI二笔汉译英学习:为学一首示子侄摘选(文言文)

来源 :中华考试网 2020-10-06

  天下事有难易乎(1)?为之,则难者亦易矣;不为,则易者亦难矣。人之为学(2),有难易乎?学之,则难者亦易矣;不学,则易者亦难矣。

  There is nothing difficult for us to do in the world. If we do it,the difficult thing will be easy;if we don’t,the easy thing will be difficult.There is nothing dificult for us to learn. If we learn it,the difficult thing will be easy;if we don’t,the easy thing will be difficult.

  蜀(3)之鄙(4)有二僧:其一贫,其一富。贫者语于富者曰:“吾欲之(5)南海(6),何如?”

  富者曰:“子(7)何恃(8)而往?”

  曰:“吾一瓶一钵(9)足矣。”

  富者曰:“吾数年来欲买舟(10)而下,犹未能也。子何恃而往!”

  There lived two monks in the western frontier of Szechuan,one poor and the other rich.One day the poor monk said to the rich one.

  “I want to go to Nanhai,what do you think?”

  “On what do you depend for going there?”asked the rich monk.

  “A bottle and a basin will suffice me,”answered the other.

  “Well,I have been meaning to go there by boat for many years,but failed.How could you go without any support!”

  越明年(11),贫者自南海还,以告富者,富者有惭色(12)。

  西蜀之去南海,不知几千里也(13)。僧富者不能至(14),而贫者至焉。人之立志(15),顾(16)不如蜀鄙之僧哉!(彭端淑)

  After one year the poor monk returned from Nanhai,and told his story to the rich one,who was ashamed to hear it.

  It is so many thousand miles from the western frontier of Szechuan to Nanhai.The rich monk failed to go,but the poor one went.Couldn’t we make up our minds to do something as the poor monk of the western frontier of Szechuan did?

  【注释】

  (1)因为一国有一国的特殊语法,翻译是决不能完全照字面直译的,例如本文第一句:“天下事有难易乎?”用白话说,便是世界上的事有没有难和易的分别,如照此英译为 Is there a difference between difficulty and easiness in things of the world?则不合英美语法的表现方法,所以应该意译,看英美人对于这样的意思是怎样表达的,我们就怎样来译,不必拘泥于原文字句。注意nothing difficult,不能说成difficult nothing,因为在thing字上已有一个形容词,就不能再加别的字。他例如something Chinese(一点中国的东西)也是同样的用法。普通的情形,当然可以说not a difficult thing(不是一件难事)。

  (2)为学:to learn.

  (3)蜀:古地名,即今四川省。

  (4)鄙:指边鄙地方,可译 the frontier districts,或简说 frontier.(5)之:去。

  (6)南海:不可译作the South Seas (南半球的海洋;南太平洋),因为此处系指普陀山,南海观世音菩萨说法处,故音译为Nanhai.

  (7)子:你。

  (8)恃:依赖,可译作 depend on.

  (9)钵:和尚盛饭的用具叫钵。用饭钵来化缘的和尚称托钵僧。

  (10)买舟:即买船票的意思,在此是指坐船。

  (11)越明年:意即经过了一年,故译为 after one year.

  (12)惭色:意为惭愧之色,译为 to be ashamed 即可,色字不宜译出。

  (13)不知几千里也:意即有好几千里,故译为 many thousand miles.文学作品对于距离不必太准确,否则应以 li(里)代 mile(英里)。

  (14)至:在此与其译成reach,不如译为go,更为适合说话的语气。

  (15)立志:下决心做事。to make up one’s mind.

  (16)顾:反而。此处只好译成Couldn’t的反问语气。

  以上摘自《翻译的技巧》,部分内容仅供参考。

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