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　　In the past few years, I’ve taught nonfiction writing to undergraduates and graduate students at Harvard, Yale, and Columbia’s Graduate School of Journalism. Each semester I hope, and fear, that I will have nothing to teach my students because they already know how to write. And each semester I discover, again, that they don’t.

　　过去几年里，我一直在哈佛、耶鲁和哥伦比亚新闻学院教非科幻类写作的本科生和研究生。每个学期我既有希望也有恐惧，因为他们已经知道了怎么写，我快没有什么可以教给我的学生了。然而每学期我都发现，他们并没有。

　　The teaching of the humanities has fallen on hard times. So says a new report on the state of the humanities by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and so says the experience of nearly everyone who teaches at a college or university. Undergraduates will tell you that they’re under pressure — from their parents, from the burden of debt they incur, from society at large — to choose majors they believe will lead as directly as possible to good jobs. Too often, that means skipping the humanities.

　　在困难时期，人文学科的教学已经减少。美国艺术与科学学院的人文科学学院的一个新的报告这样说，几乎每个人在学院或大学任教的经历也是这样说的。大学生们会告诉你，他们承受着来自父母的压力，来自他们债务负担的压力，大到来自社会的压力——他们认为，专业选择的好坏将直接决定他们未来工作的好坏。在大多数情况下，那就意味着忽略人文。

　　In other words, there is a new and narrowing vocational emphasis in the way students and their parents think about what to study in college.

　　换句话说，关于学生们在大学里应该学什么，学生和家长们在都偏向于一种新型而又狭隘的职业重点。

　　There is a certain literal-mindedness in the recent shift away from the humanities. It suggests a number of things.

　　从人文学科最近的转变来看还有某些文本意识。这表明了一些东西。

　　One, the rush to make education pay off presupposes that only the most immediately applicable skills are worth acquiring. Two, the humanities often do a bad job of explaining why the humanities matter. And three, the humanities often do a bad job of teaching the humanities.

　　一、急于让教育产生回报的前提是只有最直接应用的技能才值得得到。二、人文学科总是不能很好地解释为什么该学科很重要。三、人文学科往往教不好人文学科

　　What many undergraduates do not know — and what so many of their professors have been unable to tell them — is how valuable the most fundamental gift of the humanities will turn out to be. That gift is clear thinking, clear writing and a lifelong engagement with literature.

　　很多本科生都不知道的——以及他们教授不能告诉他们的——是人文学科最基本的天赋将会有多么宝贵。这种天赋就是清晰的思路，有条理的写作以及文学的终身陪伴。

　　Writing well used to be a fundamental principle of the humanities, as essential as the knowledge of mathematics and statistics in the sciences. But writing well isn’t merely a utilitarian skill. It is about developing a rational grace and energy in your conversation with the world around you

　　好的写作功底是人文学科的基本准则，其重要性正如力学和统计学在自然学科上一样必不可少。但是写作不仅仅是一种实用的技巧，更是当你在和周围世界交谈时，为你的谈话注入一种理性的魅力和能量。

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