2018年翻译资格考试中级笔译模拟题：中国公路
来源 :中华考试网 2018-09-19
中2018年翻译资格考试中级笔译模拟题：中国公路
汉译英
中国目前已经建成 1.9 万公里公路。自 1990 年以来，中国每年都要新增 3700 公里公路。到 2020 年公路网将连接中国所有重要城市。中国公路里程将仅次于美国，达到 55000 公里。
高速公路网将带来深远的影响。城市带将形成;人们的生活方式将会发生变化;枢纽城市的经济增长率将迅速上升，因为便利的交通条件将吸引更多的投资者。
许多国际开发商支持这种看法。世界银行和亚洲开发银行正用巨额贷款支持中国开展公路建设。它们认为公路建设对于缓解贫困至关重要。自上世纪末，亚洲开发银行已减少它在中国经济发达的东部地区的公路投资，而将重点转向较为贫困的西部地区。
在公路建设中，中国也很重视支线公路建设，因为支线公路可以使小城镇充分利用附近干线公路建设带来的发展机遇。
川藏公路
川藏公路是在古代川藏线的基础上修建的公路系统，由318国道、317国道、214国道、109国道的部分路段组成。它东起四川省成都市，西至西藏自治区首府拉萨市，是中国最险峻的公路，于1969年全部建成通车。它主要分为南、北两条线路，是联通西部地区和西藏高原的五条重要通道之一。
新藏公路
新藏公路，又称“新藏西线”或“叶拉公路”，是新疆至西藏的一条主要公路，编号G219，即219国道;北起新疆喀什地区叶城县，南至西藏日喀则市。新藏公路平均海拔4500米以上，年平均气温-9°C;沿途翻越5000米以上的大山5座，冰山达坂(即山口)16个，冰河44条，是世界上海拔最高、条件最艰苦的公路。2013年，新藏公路全线升级为柏油路面。
挂壁公路
挂壁公路是公路的一种类型，即在悬崖峭壁内侧开凿而出的隧洞式的盘山公路，具有鲜明的特色。为施工方便和开通后取自然光照明，挂壁公路多贴山壁而凿，相隔十余米旁开一侧洞透光透气。从远处望去，这一线侧窗勾勒出隧洞的走向。中国现有挂壁公路7条，主要位于南太行山地区山西省的东南部。
草原天路
草原天路是一条三级公路，因两侧美丽的草原、梯田、丘陵和湖泊等景致而被评为“中国十大最美丽的公路”之一。它位于张家口市张北县和崇礼区的交界处，西起张北县城南侧的野狐岭，东至崇礼县桦皮岭处，是连接崇礼滑雪区、赤城温泉区和张北草原风景区的一条重要通道，又名“中国的66号公路”。天路全长132.7公里，于2012年9月底建成通车。
参考译文
Up to now, China has built 19,000km of highways. Since 1990, some 3,700km of highways have been added each year. By 2020, highway networks will connect all major Chinese cities, and the total length of China's highways will be 55.000km, second only to that of the United States. The impact of highway networks will be huge. Urban belts will emerge; people's lifestyles will change; and the economic growth rate of interchange cities will surge, as the convenient transportation facilities will attract more investors.
Many international developers share this view. Both the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank are lending heavily to support China's road expansion. They believe highway construction is vital for poverty alleviation. Since the late 1990s, the Asian Development Bank has reduced its road investment in China's economically developed eastern areas and shifted its focus to the relatively poor western region.
During its highway construction, China pays great attention to the building of feeder roads, as they can help smaller towns make full use of the development opportunities brought about by the construction of nearby trunk highways.
Chuanzang Highway
Chuanzang Highway is a highway system based on an ancient Sichuan-Tibet line. It includes portions of four national highways: G318, G317, G214 and G109. It is considered China’s most treacherous road, and stretches from Chengdu of Sichuan Province to Lhasa of the Tibet Autonomous Region. Construction was completed in 1969, and the highway is divided into a southern and northern line. Chuanzang highway is one of the five notable roads that link western regions to the Tibet Plateau.
Xinzang Highway
Xinzang Highway—also known as Xinzang West Line and Yela Highway—is China’s National Highway 219 (G219). It connects Yecheng of Kashi Prefecture, Xinjiang to Shigatse of Tibet. The averaged altitude is over 4500 meters, and the annual average temperature is -9°C. It is considered China’s most perilous road as it crosses five mountains over 5000 meters in height, through 16 snow-covered mountain passes, and over 44 frozen rivers. In 2013, the surface of the road was upgraded to asphalt.
Hanging Roads
Hanging Roads are a distinctive form of road that are embedded into the twisting sides of mountains.To simplify constructionand allow for sufficient natural light, the roads were built into cliff facesroughly 10 meters deeps.Holesare cut into one side to provide light and fresh air. From a distance, a view of windows marks the direction of the tunnel. Seven hanging roads can be found in China, most of which are locatedin the Southern Taihang Mountains of southeasternJiangxi Province.
Grass Skyline
The Grass Skyline is a third-tier highway famous for its beautiful scenery. Opened to traffic since the end of September, 2012, it offers on both sides a view of prairies, terraces, hills, and lakes. It is ranked one of the ten most scenic roads in the Chinese mainland. It begins east in Wild Fox Ridge in the south of Zhangbei County and ends west in Huapi Ridge of Chongli County. Also called "China's Route 66", this significant route connects the skiing area of Chongli County, the Spring area of Chichen County, and prairie scenic resorts of Zhangbei County across a distance of 132.7 kilometers.
