英译汉

　　passage 1

　　Both WHO’s constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Right assert that health is a human right, not a privilege for those who can afford it. Over time, that right has made its way into both national and international law. But importantly, the right to health is not simply a noble idea on a piece of paper.

　　世界卫生组织《组织法》与《世界人权宣言》(Universal Declaration of Human Right)均强调健康是一项人权，而不是那些有经济实力者享有的特权。随着时间的推移，健康权已逐渐载入各国法律和国际法律。但重要的是，健康权绝非只是纸上空谈。

　　It has been a platform for major improvements in global health. Since 1948, life expectancy has increased by 25 years. Maternal and childhood mortality have plummeted. Smallpox has been eradicated and polio is on the brink. We have turned the tide on the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Deaths from malaria have dropped dramatically. New vaccines have made once-feared diseases easily preventable. And there are many other causes for celebration. But even as we continue to struggle with old threats, new ones have arisen. Climate change will have profound effects on health. Antimicrobial resistance has the potential to undo the gains of modern medicine. Vaccine hesitancy is putting millions of young lives at risk. Noncommunicable diseases, including heart disease, stroke, cancer diabetes, hypertension, lung diseases and mental illnesses have become the major killers of our time. And of course, we continue to face the ever-present threat of outbreaks and other health emergencies.

　　健康权一直是全球健康状况得以获得重大改善的平台。自1948年以来，预期寿命延长了25岁。产妇和儿童死亡率快 下跌。天花已被消灭，脊髓灰质炎也已处在被消灭的边缘。艾滋病毒/艾滋病的势头得到扭转。疟疾致死的现象急剧减少。得益于新疫苗的出现，曾经让人谈虎色变的疾病也变得易于预防。还有其他进步可喜可贺。但是，就在我们继续对抗既有健康威胁之时，新的健康威胁已经出现。气候变化会对健康产生深远影响。抗微生物药物耐药性有可能让现代医学取得的成果荡然无存。“疫苗犹豫”正危及数百万年轻人的生命。心脏病、中风、癌症、糖尿病、高血压、肺病和精神疾病等非传染性疾病已成为当今时代的头号杀手。当然，我们还无时不刻不在面临着疫情和其他突发卫生事件的威胁。

　　In the past 12 months, WHO has responded to 47 emergencies in 50 countries. We are currently responding to an outbreak of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, very near the border with Uganda. As of today, there have been 373 cases and 216 deaths since the outbreak started in August. So far, we have managed to prevent Ebola from spreading across the border, largely because we have much better tools with which to fight Ebola than at any time in history. More than 32,000 people have been vaccinated, which is one of the reasons the outbreak has not spread further than it has. We also have ways to treat those infected. So far, 150 people have been treated with one of four drugs. 14 million travelers have been screened, there have been more than 190 safe and dignified burials, we have done door-to-door advocacy in almost 4000 households and we have trained more than 500 community leaders. But this outbreak has been much more difficult to control, largely because of the security situation in eastern DRC. Armed groups operating in the area conduct regular attacks on the city of Beni, the epicentre of the outbreak. And every time there is an attack, the virus gets an advantage. Vaccination and contact tracing are disrupted.

　　在过去的12个月内，世卫组织应对了50个国家47起突发事件。我们目前正在处理邻近乌干达边境的刚果民主共和国爆发的埃博拉疫情。自8月爆发以来，迄今已有373例病例和216例死亡。到目前为止，我们已成功阻止埃博拉病毒蔓延越过边境，这主要因为我们采用了有史以来最好的几种手段对抗埃博拉病毒。超过3.2万人接种了疫苗，这是疫情没有进一步扩散的原因之一。此外，我们也有治疗感染者的方法。到目前为止，已有150人接受了四种药物中的一种治疗。1400万游客经过筛查;超过190人得到安全、体面埋葬;挨家挨户宣传达到近4000户;500多名社区领导接受了培训。但此次疫情控制难度加大，这主要归咎于刚果民主共和国东部的安全局势。在该地区作战的武装分子频繁袭击疫情中心贝尼市(Beni)，而每次袭击都为病毒创造了有利条件，中断了疫苗接种和接触者追踪工作。

　　Health security and health systems are two sides of the same coin. The best long-term investment in protecting and promoting the right to health is to invest in stronger health systems. Because there is simply no other way to achieve universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals than primary health care, with a focus on health promotion and disease prevention. But it will also require WHO and the global health community to work in a much more integrated and coherent way. That’s why WHO and 10 other international health agencies have agreed to work together on a Global Action Plan for Healthy Lives and Well-Being. The plan has three strategic approaches: integrate, accelerate and account. First, we have committed to integrate many of our processes to increase our collective efficiency. Second, we have committed to accelerate progress by identifying areas of work in which we can truly bend the curve and make more rapid progress towards the health-related SDGs – like research and development, data and sustainable financing. And third, we have committed to keep each other accountable, both to the people we serve, and to the donors and partners who expect results from the resources they give us.

　　卫生安全和医疗卫生体系是同一事物的两个方面。保护和促进健康权的最 长期投资方式是投资更强大的医疗卫生体系。初级卫生保健以促进健康和预防疾病为重点，而除了初级卫生保健，根本没有其他方法可以实现全民健康覆盖与可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals)。但这还需要世卫组织与全球卫生界加强协调合作。这就是世卫组织与其他10个国际卫生机构同意共同推行“全球健康生活与福祉行动计划”(Global Action Plan for Healthy Lives and Well-Being)的原因。这项计划有三大战略方法：整合流程、加快进程与承担责任。首先，我们已承诺整合诸多流程，提高集体效率。其次，我们已承诺，通过确定能够真正扭转局势的工作领域(如研发、数据和可持续融资领域)，加速实现与健康相关的可持续发展目标，从而加快进程。最后，我们已承诺人人承担责任，不仅对所服务的对象负责，也要对出资出力、期待其有所成效的捐助者与合作者负责。

　　汉译英

　　passage 1

　　互联网在中国改革开放中的重要作用怎么说都不为过。从2000年开始，中国互联网应用的普及，到现在快20年的时间。尤其是在最后的这15年，互联网为保持高速发展起到了决定性的作用。经济发展有两个东西是至关重要的：第一就是提高生产效率，提升产品质量，生产出更有创意的设计;第二就是保持渠畅通，使工厂生产的东西以最快的速度、最低的成本送到消费者的手里。互联网在这两个环节都为中国的产业发展起到了决定性的作用。

　　The importance of the Internet in China’s reform and opening up cannot be overstated. The year of 2000 marks the beginning of nearly two decades’ popularity the Internet has enjoyed in China. Especially over the last 15 years, the Internet has played a decisive role in sustaining rapid development of the country. Economic development is enabled, crucially, by two factors: first, the improvement of production efficiency with higher product quality and more creative designs, and second, open channels through which factory products can be delivered to customers at the fastest speed and lowest cost. That is how the Internet decisively accounts for China’s industrial development.

　　互联网的发展在设计理念和设计人才方面极大的缩小了我们与国际先进的国家的差距。通过互联网，我们可以通过互联网以更快的速度获取全球最先进的设计技术和理念。更重要的是通过互联网可以产生更多的效应。这就极大地加快了经济发展的速度。

　　The development of the Internet has significantly narrowed our gap with advanced countries in design concepts and design talents. We are offered a faster access to the world’s state-of-the-art design techniques and concepts by the Internet. More importantly, the Internet can bring about more effects. This has greatly accelerated economic development.

　　在渠道的领域，互联网的效果更加明显，比如电商。老百姓通过互联网更容易表达他自己的意愿，更容易对我们现有的一些产品提出一些批评性的意见，而这些也都更好地推动企业的生产，推动政府职能的现代化。首先，是城市人和农村人在获取信息和沟通信息上平等，大家都可以通过互联网实时看到中国的发展和中国城市的发展。互联网刺激百姓谋求美好生活的意愿，并且将意愿化为前行的强大动力。

　　As for channels, the Internet has an even more evident effect, for example, on e-commerce. It has made it easier for ordinary people to express their own will, and share critical comments on some of our existing products, which will facilitate the production of enterprises and the modernization of government functions. Firstly, people in urban and rural areas, by going online, are equal in accessing and communicating information, which allows all of them to see the development of China and Chinese cities in real time. The Internet then stimulates the aspirations of common people to seek a better life, and turns their aspirations into a powerful driving force for development.