世行上调2021年全球经济增长预期至5.6%

　　6月8日，世界银行发布最 新一期《全球经济展望》报告。

　　China's economic growth is expected to accelerate to 8.5 percent this year, faster than projected in January, supported by buoyant exports and release of pent-up demand amid effective control of the COVID-19 outbreak, the World Bank said in the report.

　　世界银行在报告中指出，受活跃的出口贸易以及新冠疫情有效控制后被压抑的需求得到释放等因素支撑，今年中国经济增速有望提升至8.5%，高于今年1月的预估。

　　【词汇讲解】

　　很多人看到project这个词，第一反应就是“项目、工程”，但是在经济展望的报道里，project通常用作动词，表示“to estimate for the future based on information already known”，即“(根据已知信息)预测、预估”，比如：Government spending is projected to rise by three percent next year(预计明年政府支出将增加3%)，其名词形式就是projection，比如上文中的“faster than projected in January”也可以改写为“higher than the January projection”。

　　In addition to China, the strong rebounds from a few major economies, including the United States whose growth is projected at 6.8 percent, will propel the global economy to expand by 5.6 percent this year, the fastest post-recession pace in 80 years, according to the report.

　　报告指出，除中国以外，得益于美国等少数几个主要经济体强劲反弹支撑，今年全球经济增长预期为5.6%，将成为80年来全球在经济衰退后的最快增速。美国经济预计将增长6.8%。

　　Despite the recovery, global output will be about 2 percent below pre-pandemic projections by the end of this year, the report showed. Per capita income losses will not be unwound by 2022 for about two-thirds of emerging markets and developing economies.

　　报告表示，尽管出现复苏，但到今年年底全球产出将比疫情前预测低2%左右。约三分之二新兴市场和发展中经济体的人均收入损失在2022年之前将难以恢复。

　　【词汇讲解】

　　这里的unwound是动词unwind(读作 /ʌnˈwɑɪnd/)的过去分词形式，表示“to change or remove the effects of something”(改变或消除某事的影响)，比如：Financial markets believe that these imbalances can be unwound gradually, allowing the economy to land softly(金融市场认为，这些失衡现象会逐步消除，让经济得以软着陆)。其实，unwind就是动词wind(读作 /wɑɪnd/)的反义词，wind表示“拧，转”等意思，“给钟表上发条”常用wind (up) a clock or watch表示，与之相反，wind down或unwind就可以表示“松开发条，放松”，相当于relax，比如：The facility was built as a place where workers could go and unwind after their shifts(这个地方就是让工人们换班以后放松休息的地方)。

　　世行行长马尔帕斯表示，

　　While there are welcome signs of global recovery, the pandemic continues to inflict poverty and inequality on people in developing countries around the world.

　　虽然出现全球复苏的可喜迹象，但疫情持续给世界各地发展中国家的人民带来贫困和不平等。

　　First and foremost, expanding vaccine distribution and deployment, especially to developing countries, is a precondition to economic recovery.

　　首要任务是扩大疫苗分配和供给，特别是对发展中国家的供应，这是经济复苏的前提条件。

　　Globally coordinated efforts are essential to accelerate vaccine distribution and debt relief, particularly for low-income countries.

　　在加快疫苗分配和减债进程中，全球范围的协调工作至关重要，对低收入国家而言尤其如此。

　　As the health crisis eases, policymakers will need to address the pandemic's lasting effects and take steps to spur green, resilient, and inclusive growth while safeguarding macroeconomic stability.

　　随着健康危机逐渐消退，政府决策者需要着手解决疫情的持久性影响，采取措施促进绿色、有韧性和包容性的增长，同时维护宏观经济稳定。

　　【相关词汇】

　　全球经济治理体系改革

　　reform the system of global economic governance

　　共商共建共享原则

　　the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits

　　区域经济一体化

　　regional economic integration

　　投资环境

　　investment environment

　　营商环境

　　business environment

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