从以下选项挑出与句中斜体词意思相近的词：

　　Because this road is so tortuous, it is unwise to go faster than twenty miles an hour on it.

　　A.slippery B.coarse C.solid D. hazardou E. winding

　　参考答案：E. winding

　　解析：从这一句英文的意思来看，“车速超过20英里/小时并不是明智的”作为一个结果，那原因则是路的状况会是怎么样的?首先可以排除B(粗糙的)、C(坚硬的)和D(危害的)，而silppery(滑溜的)和torturous(多弯的)中，与语境更为相符的则是tortuous，因为弯多而要求驾驶员不能开得太快，即“时速超过20英里”。当路面很滑的情况，开车时则要求抓稳方向盘，不能急拐弯或是急刹车。winding与tortuous的意思相近。

　　请从以下选项中挑出与斜体词意思相近的词：

　　Some of his friends tried to account for this rudeness to strangers as the eccentricity of genius.

　　A. meritocracy B. ideology C. temperament D. idiosyncrasy E. cognition

　　参考答案：D. idiosyncrasy

　　解析：Eccentricity的意思是“古怪行为(或想法)”，“怪癖”。在柯林斯英语词典里，其英文解释是“Eccentricities are ways of behaving that people think are strange, or habits or opinions that are different from those of most people.”例如: We all have our eccentricty. 我们每个人都有自己的怪癖。在这五个选项里，idiosyncrasy与eccentricity的意思相近，即“ (个人特有的)癖好，嗜好”，其英文解释是 If you talk about the idiosyncrasies of someone or something, you are referring to their rather unusual habits or characteristics. 例如：Everyone has a few little idiosyncrasies. 从构词法的角度来看，idio 源自idios，意思是“one's own”，而syncrasie则源自希腊语的synkrasis，即“temperament, mixture of personal characteristics”(有多种性格)。