汉族传统建筑

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　　汉族传统建筑是以木结构框架为主的建筑体系，以土、木、砖、瓦、石为主要建筑材料。传统木结构营造技艺是古老的汉族传统手工技艺，是以木材为主要建筑材料，以榫卯为木构件的主要结合方法，以模数制为尺度设计和加工生产手段的建筑营造技术体系。营造技艺以师徒之间“言传身教”的方式世代相传。由这种技艺所构建的建筑及空间体现了中国人对自然和宇宙的认识，反映了中国传统社会等级制度和人际关系，影响了中国人的行为准则和审美意向，凝结了古代科技智慧，展现了中国工匠的精湛技艺。这种营造技艺体系延承七千年，遍及中国全境，并传播到日本、韩国等东亚各国，是东方古代建筑技术的代表。 在2009年，由中国艺术研究院建筑研究所负责申报的中国传统木结构营造技艺入选联合国人类非物质文化遗产。

Traditional architecture of Han nationality

　　Traditional architecture of Han nationality is a construction system dominated by timber-framed structures with soil, wood, brick, tile, stone as the main building materials. As an ancient traditional craftsmanship of Han nationality, traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures is a construction technical system using wood as the main building materials, tenon-and-mortise work as the main combination method of wooden parts, and modular system as the means of scale design as well as processing and production. Construction skill is passed on from generation to generation in the manner of teaching by personal example and verbal instruction. Embodying the Chinese understanding of nature and the universe and reflecting the Chinese traditional social hierarchy and interpersonal relations, the buildings and space constructed with this technique is a condensation of the ancient wisdom of science and technology showing the superb skills of Chinese craftsmen and also affect codes of conduct and aesthetic intention of Chinese people. The construction skill system lasts for seven thousand years and is widespread in the whole China. It also spreads to other Eastern Asian countries such as Japan and South Korea and is the representative of oriental ancient architectural technique. In 2009, Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures declared by Building Research Institute of Chinese National Academy of Arts was selected as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the United Nations.

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