2019年CATTI三级笔译实务练习题：外交政策

　　汉译英

　　中国独立自主的和平外交政策

　　美国外交政策的地缘政治时代已告结束，全球政治的时代已初露端倪。整个20世纪，传统的地缘政治是美国外交事务的基点：美国的安全在于阻止任何其他国家在亚欧大陆上取得主导地位。这一目标随着苏联的解体而最终得以实现。如今，美国人发现，自己所处的国际新环境中虽然没有可以与之匹敌的国家，但是却存在着对美国安全的严重威胁。袭击世贸中心和五角大楼的恐怖分子，既不是传统的基于国家的威胁，也不能被锁定在某个特定的地理区域。然而，19个人用了区区几十万美元，便成功地对这个世界上最强大的国家造成了伤害。

　　三个多世纪以来，世界政治动态始终取决于国家间、尤其是大国间的互动关系。，今天，主导世界政治格局的则是两大前所未有、且彼此间保持着某种张力的现象。其一是美国不容置疑的主导作用。国际政治从来没有像今天这样，取决于华盛顿对任何问题的反应。其二是全球化。全球化在经济、政治及社会领域所释放出的力量，没有任何一个国家——包括美国——能将之置于自己的控制之下。

　　美国的老大地位和全球化给美国带来了巨大的利益，也带来了重大的危险。老大地位给了华盛顿无可超越的能力，在国际事务中力所欲为;而全球化使美国经济更加强大，并使美国的价值观得以传播。然而美国的强大、文化产品的渗透，及对其它国家的深入影响招致了强烈的憎恨和不平。大国地位和巨大的财富并不一定能带来更多的尊敬或更多的安全感。

　　美国的领导者和美国人民正在为如何使用全球政治时代这把双刃剑而费神。

　　参考译文

　　Power and Cooperation: An American Foreign Policy for the Age of Global Politics

　　The age of geopolitics in American foreign policy is over; the age of global politics has begun. Throughout the twentieth century, traditional geopolitics drove U. S. thinking on foreign affairs: American security depended on preventing any one country from achieving dominion over the Eurasian landmass. That objective was achieved with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Now the United States finds itself confronting a new international environment, one without a peer competitor but that nonetheless presents serious threats to American security. The terrorists who struck the World Trade Center and the Pentagon neither represented a traditional state-based threat nor were tied to a specific geographical location. Nevertheless, nineteen people with just a few hundred thousand dollars succeeded in harming the most powerful nation on earth.

　　For more than three centuries, the dynamics of world politics was determined by the interplay among states, especially the great powers. Today, world politics is shaped by two unprecedented phenomena that are in some tension with each other. One is the sheer predominance of the United States. Today, as never before, what matters most in international politics is how — and whether - Washington acts on any given issue. The other is globalization, which has unleashed economic, political, and social forces that are beyond the capacity of any one country, including the United States, to control.

　　American primacy and globalization bring the United States great rewards as well as great dangers. Primacy gives Washington an unsurpassed ability to get its way in international affairs, while globalization enriches the American economy and spreads American values. But America's great power and the penetration of its culture, products, and influence deep into other societies breed intense resentment and grievances. Great power and great wealth do not necessarily produce greater respect or greater security. American leaders and the American people are now grappling with the double-edged sword that is the age of global politics.

　　英译汉

　　Enhance China-Africa Unity and Cooperation to Build a Harmonious World

　　The Chinese are a peace-loving nation. We believe in cooperation and harmony among nations, and we hold that the strong and the rich should not bully the weak and the poor. Six hundred years ago, Zheng He, a famed Chinese navigator of the Ming Dynasty, headed a large convoy which sailed across the ocean and reached the east coast of Africa four times. They brought to the African people a message of peace and goodwill, not swords, guns, plunder or slavery. For more than one hundred years in China's modern history, the Chinese people were subjected to colonial aggression and oppression by foreign powers, and went through similar suffering and agony that the majority of African countries endured. From the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century, the Chinese people launched a heroic struggle to fight colonial aggression and foreign oppression, achieve independence and liberation and build a new China of the Chinese people. Having realized this century-long historic mission, the Chinese people today are working as one to make life better for themselves. Because of the sufferings they experienced and the struggle they launched, something they will never forget, the Chinese people are most strongly opposed to colonialism, oppression, and slavery of all manifestations. Because of this, the Chinese people have the most profound sympathy for all other nations in their pursuit of independence, happiness and their aspirations. Since the founding of New China in 1949, the Chinese Government and people have provided the African people with firm political, material and moral support in their heroic struggles for liberation and against colonial rule. China has never imposed its will or unequal practices on other countries, and will never do so in the future. It will certainly not do anything harmful to the interests of Africa and its people. China respects the political systems and paths to development independently adopted and pursued by the African people that suit their national conditions. China supports the African countries in strengthening democracy, the rule of law and good governance. And China supports them in fully tapping their potential and actively participating in international cooperation and competition.

　　参考译文

　　加强中非团结合作推动建设和谐世界

　　中华民族历来爱好和平，主张强不凌弱、富不侮贫，主张协和万邦。早在600年前，中国明代著名航海家郑和率领庞大船队4次到达非洲东海岸。他们给非洲人民带来的是和平的愿望和真诚的友谊，而不是刀剑枪炮和掠夺奴役。在近代以后的100多年中，中国人民曾经饱受列强的殖民侵略和压迫，同绝大多数非洲国家有着相似的历史遭遇和悲惨命运。中国人民从19世纪中叶到20世纪中叶开展的英勇的斗争，就是要反对殖民侵略和民族压迫，实现中华民族的独立和中国人民的解放，进而建设人民当家作主的新国家。今天，中国人民早已实现了自己的百年夙愿，正在为创造自己更加美好的生活而团结奋斗。正因为有着这样刻骨铭心的历史经历和奋斗过程，所以中国人民最坚决地反对一切形式的殖民、压迫、奴役活动，最真诚地同情一切为争取民族独立和人民幸福而奋斗的民族，最深切地理解这些民族的愿望和要求。新中国成立后，中国政府和人民为非洲人民争取民族解放、反对殖民主义统治的英勇斗争提供了政治上、物质上、道义上的坚定支持。中国过去不会、现在不会、将来也决不会把自己的意志以及不平等的做法强加于其他国家，更不会做任何有损于非洲国家和人民的事。中国尊重非洲人民自主选择适合自己国情的政治制度和发展道路，支持非洲国家加强民主法制建设和实施良好管理，支持非洲国家充分发挥自身优势、积极参与国际合作和竞争。