2019年CATTI三级笔译实务练习题：科技对农业的贡献

　　汉译英

　　科技对农业的贡献

　　在农业科技领域，中国不断缩小与发达国家的差距，科技进步对中国农业的贡献率已由1949年的20%上升到现在的42%。1农业科技部门在生物技术、高新技术、基础研究方面均取得较大进展，植物细胞和组织培养、单倍体育种及其应用研究处于世界先进地位。2两系法品种间杂交水稻、杂交玉米育种以及多熟种植技术等方面，已达到或接近世界先进水平。

　　大豆杂种优势利用研究也获得重大突破。31949年以来，中国农业科学家共培育出40多种农作物，近5000个高产、优质、抗性强的新品种，使主要农作物品种更新四至五次，每更新一次，一般增产10%至30%。4目前，中国粮食作物单产已由1950年的1.16吨/公顷增加到4.40吨/公顷，提高了1.8倍。5被国际上誉为“杂交水稻之父”的中国科学家袁隆平，在杂交水稻方面的研究成果改写了二十世纪后半叶中国水稻耕作的历史，也为解决全人类的“口粮”问题作出了卓越贡献。6现在，中国杂交水稻的优良品种已占全国水稻种植面积的51010，平均增产20%。，7国家有关部门先后组织实施了星火计划、重大成果推广计划、丰收计划、燎原计划等直接面向农村经济建设的科技计划，把先进的科技成果送到农村去，对促进农民科技素质的提高作用卓著。8与此同时，农业部门从世界各地引进农作物品种、苗木10多万份，并选育了水稻、玉米、小麦等作物的新品种。9许多新的先进技术也得以在生产中广泛应用。10

　　参考译文

　　The Contribution of Science and Technology to Agriculture

　　In the sphere of agricultural science and technology, China has been narrowing its gap with the advanced countries. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to China's agriculture has increased from 20 percent in 1949 to 4.2 percent. The sci-tech agricultural departments have made tremendous progress in bio-technology, new and high technology and basic research, and the cultivation of plant cells and tissues, haploid breeding and the research on its application have already reached world advanced level. Bilinear hybrid rice, hybrid corn breeding, and multi-crop planting technologies have reached or got close to world advanced level.

　　In addition, an important breakthrough has been made in the utilization of the advantages of hybrid beans.

　　Since 1949, Chinese agricultural scientists have bred over 40 new crops, including nearly 5,000 high-yield, good-quality varieties with strong resistance. Thus the major crops have been renovated four to five times, with an increase of yield by 10 to 30 percent each time. The per-hectare yield of grain crops has increased from l. 16 tons in 1950 to 4.82 tons, an increase of over 1.8 times.

　　The Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, who is internationally renowned as "Father of Hybrid Rice" for his tremendous achievements in the breeding of hybrid rice, has rewritten China's history of rice cultivation in the second half of the 20th century and has made extraordinary contributions to the solution of mankind's "food" problem. Thanks to his contributions, 51 percent of China's paddy-fields is used to grow fine varieties of hybrid rice, with an average increase of 20 percent in yield.

　　To spread advanced sci-tech achievements to the countryside, relevant government departments have carried out a number of sci-tech programs directly geared to the economic development of rural areas, such as the Spark Program, the Promotion Plan of important Scientific Achievements, the Bumper Harvest Plan, and the Prairie Fire Program, which have played an important role in promoting farmers' sci-tech education.

　　Meanwhile, agricultural departments have imported more than 100,000 crops and nursery stocks, and have cultivated a number of new varieties of rice, corn and wheat. Many advanced technologies have found extensive application in agricultural production.