2017年catti英语笔译初级模拟题：春节

　　【汉译英】

　　春节

　　中国的春节在农历一月一日，是新一年的开始。这是举家团圆的时刻。一般说来，在春节前几天，只要有可能的话，多数人无论身处何地都会回家，就像圣诞节一样，人们会买很多东西如食品、礼物、衣服和烟花爆竹给孩子们。在除夕之夜，多数农村家庭仍然保持着一些传统习俗，如在两扇门上都贴上门神和春联1。他们把“福”字倒贴在墙上和家具的门上，意思是“福到了”2。除夕之夜的年夜饭是必不可少的程序。全家人围坐着一张桌子一同分享佳肴，人多的话兴许不止一张桌子。家人还会为没能赶回家的亲人留些座位，仿佛他们也在一起吃似的。3年夜饭过后，大家会坐在一起，观看中央电视台的春节特别节目，等待新年的到来。午夜将近时，特别节目也接近尾声，这时家家户户都到户外去放鞭炮，据说这样可以驱妖除魔。新年的早饭是很特别的，北方人吃饺子，南方人吃糯米饭团。4走亲访友从新年的第一天就开始了，俗称“拜年”。每到这时，孩子们是最开心的，因为他们可以从长辈那里拿到压岁钱，据说压岁钱能带给他们好运。新年第五天，人们祭拜财神，送走新年。

　　春节就结束了。

　　【参考译文】

　　The Spring Festival

　　According to the Chinese lunar calendar, the Spring Festival falls on the first day of the first month, which marks the beginning of a new year. It is a time for family reunion. In most cases, just a few days before the festival, if possible, most of the family members come home, no matter where they are. And like the Christmas season, people buy a lot of things: food, gifts, clothing and fireworks for children. On the New Year's eve, most of the families in the countryside still keep the customs of pasting paintings of door gods on the two doors and couplets on either side of the doors. They put the Chinese character meaning "happiness" upside down and paste it on walls and doors of the furniture to mean "happiness has come." Feast dinner is a must for the whole family on the New Year's eve, when all the family members sit at one or more tables. Dinner seats will be arranged for the absent members as if they were also joining the dinner. After dinner, they sit together waiting for the coming of the New Year, usually by watching the CCTV special program for Spring Festival. At midnight when it is near the end of the program, every family goes out to set off firecrackers, which is said to drive evils away. Breakfast for the New Year's Day is special, Jiaozi for those in North China and small glutinous rice balls for the southerners.

　　Visits are exchanged to relatives and friends from the New Year's Day on, which is called "Bainian". Children are the happiest ones because they can get lucky money from their seniors.

　　The money is believed to bring good luck to them. On the fifth day, people celebrate the end of the Festival by worshipping the Fortune God.

　　注释

　　1.“门神和春联”：门神指的是门神年画，汉语省略的部分英语应该补充，painting of door gods;春联：couplets;注意春联是复数的。

　　2.此句牵涉到汉语特有的谐音特色，如“倒”和“到”，然而英语很难表达，可以适当加脚注，避免文化元素的遗漏。

　　3.“没能赶回来的亲人”可直接译为absent members;“留位置”分析可知是也会其安排位置的意思，可译为：arrange the seats for...另外，须注意虚拟语气的使用。

　　4.汉语是动词性很强的语言，而英语则相对倚重名词或名词性成分，所以这里“北方人吃饺子，南方人吃糯米饭团”不需要一一对应翻译成两个结构简单的句子，转换词性，再合并即可。参考译文：Jiaozi for those in North China and small glutinous rice balls for the southerners.5.汉语十分讲究“有始有终”，形式上的完整。这句可与前一句合并译为On the fifth day，people celebrate the end of the Festival by worshipping the Fortune God.