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CATTI三级笔译综合词汇学习 :第一节

来源 :中华考试网 2021-01-11

  例句选自Economist、The New York Times等主流外刊,词汇解释及例句源于牛津词典和柯林斯词典。

  CATTI考试中翻译选材常源于Economist、The New York Times等主流外刊,因此,平日学习中,外刊积累必不可少。

  例:Gregoire was a pioneering believer in racial equality, a fact that may seem to fit oddly with his passion for eradicating linguistic diversity.

  语法剖析:

  Gregoire was a pioneering believer in racial equality, a fact that may seem to fit oddly with his passion for eradicating linguistic diversity.

  主干:Gregoire was a pioneering believer in racial equality.

  枝干:a fact that may seem to fit oddly with his passion for eradicating linguistic diversity.(a fact修饰主干,作概括性同位语)

  词汇详解:

  1. pioneer [ˌpaɪəˈnɪr]

  V.[动词 + 名词短语] when sb pioneers sth, they are one of the first people to do, discover or use sth new 当开拓者;做先锋;倡导

  例:a new technique pioneered by surgeons in a London hospital

  由伦敦一家医院外科医生开发使用的新技术

  ①~ (in/of sth) a person who is the first to study and develop a particular area of knowledge, culture, etc. that other people then continue to develop 先锋;先驱;带 头人

  例:a pioneer in the field of microsurgery

  显微外科领域的创始人

  ②one of the first people to go to a particular area in order to live and work there 开发者;拓荒者

  例:the pioneer spirit

  拓荒者的精神

  2. racial[ˈreɪʃl]

  ①[只用于名词前] happening or existing between people of different races 种族的;种族间的

  例:racial hatred/prejudice/tension/violence

  种族仇恨 / 偏见;种族间的紧张状况 / 暴力

  ②[常用于名词前] connected with a person's race 人种的;种族的

  例:racial minorities

  少数民族

  3. fit [fɪt]

  Adj.①~ (for sth) | ~ (to do sth) healthy and strong, especially because you do regular physical exercise 健壮的;健康的

  例:Top athletes have to be very fit.

  顶 级运动员体格必须十分健壮。

  ②~ for sb/sth | ~ to do sth suitable; of the right quality; with the right qualities or skills (质量、素质或技能)适合的,恰当的,合格的

  例:The food was not fit for human consumption.

  这食物不适合人吃。

  ③~ to do sth (British English,informal) ready or likely to do sth extreme 可能(或准备)做某事至极端程度

  例:They worked until they were fit to drop (= so tired that they were likely to fall down) .

  他们一直工作到快要累趴下了。

  N.①[可数名词] a sudden attack of an illness, such as epilepsy , in which sb becomes unconscious and their body may make violent movements (癫痫等的)突发,发作;昏厥;痉挛

  例:Her fits are now controlled by drugs.

  她的病现已用药物控制,没有发作。

  ②[可数名词] a sudden short period of coughing or of laughing, that you cannot control 一阵(忍不住的咳嗽、笑)

  例:a fit of coughing

  一阵咳嗽

  ③[可数名词] a short period of very strong feeling (强烈感情)发作,冲动

  例:to act in a fit of anger/rage/temper/pique

  一阵愤怒 / 狂怒 / 怒火 / 恼怒之下采取行动

  ④[可数名词] ~ (between A and B) the way that two things match each other or are suitable for each other 匹配;相配

  例:We need to work out the best fit between the staff required and the staff available.

  我们必须算出所需人员与现有人员之间的最 佳搭配。

  V.①(not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to be the right shape and size for sb/sth (形状和尺寸)适合,合身

  例:I tried the dress on but it didn't fit.

  我试穿了那连衣裙,但不合身。

  ②[单独使用的动词, usually + 副词或介词短语] to be of the right size, type or number to go somewhere (大小、式样、数量适合)可容纳,装进

  例:I'd like to have a desk in the room but it won't fit.

  我想在房间放一张桌子,但是搁不下。

  ③[动词 + 名词短语] to put or fix sth somewhere 安置,安装(在某处)

  例:They fitted a smoke alarm to the ceiling.

  他们把烟雾报警器安装在天花板上。

  4. eradicate[ɪˈrædɪkeɪt]

  [动词 + 名词短语] ~ sth (from sth) to destroy or get rid of sth completely, especially sth bad 根除;消灭;杜绝

  例:Polio has been virtually eradicated in Brazil.

  在巴西脊髓灰质炎实际上已经根除。

  短语积累:

  1. the odd man/one out

  a person or thing that is different from others or does not fit easily into a group or set 与其他不同(或合不来)的人(或物);异类

  例:At school he was always the odd man out.

  在学校里他总是与别人格格不入。

  2. fit in (with sb/sth)

  to live, work, etc. in an easy and natural way with sb/sth (与…)合得来;适应

  例:He's never done this type of work before; I'm not sure how he'll fit in with the other people.

  他过去从未干过这种工作,很难说他是否会与其他人配合得好。

  3. by/in fits and starts

  frequently starting and stopping again; not continuously 间歇地;一阵一阵地

  例:Because of other commitments I can only write my book in fits and starts.

  由于还承担着其他任务,我只能断断续续地写书。

  4. have/throw a fit

  (informal) to be very shocked, upset or angry 大为震惊;非常心烦意乱;大发脾气

  例:Your mother would have a fit if she knew you'd been drinking!

  要是你母亲知道你一直喝酒,会很生气的!

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