2016年英语翻译考试初级笔译考前预测：长难句分析

　　非谓语动词及翻译

　　1.Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing rates by measuring feeding rates of　individual zooplankton species in the　laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers.

　　译文：由哈格雷夫(Hargrave)和吉恩(Geen)所进行的研究，对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行了估计，其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率，然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度，计算出实地状况下的群落捕食速率。

　　2.But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and　　nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other—an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly.

　　译文：但是，要想沿着原生和非原生物质之间的界面获取生理特性的必要匹配，需要某种知识，即什么样的分子控制着细胞彼此间的结合——而对这一领域，我们尚未进行充分的探索。

　　3.More probable is bird transport，either externally，by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers，or internally，by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds.

　　译文：更有可能的是鸟类运输：或者是通过外部途径，即由于种籽偶然粘附在羽毛上;或者是通过内部方式，即由于鸟类吞食果子并随后将种籽排泄出来。