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在Oracle里设置访问多个SQLServer

2011-10-11编辑:mal
 如何在Oracle里设置访问多个SQL Server数据库?假设我们要在ORACLE里同时能访问SQL Server里默认的pubs和Northwind两个数据库。   

  1、在安装了ORACLE9i Standard Edition或者ORACLE9i Enterprise Edition的windows机器上(IP:192.168.0.2), 产品要选了透明网关(Oracle Transparent Gateway)里访问Microsoft SQL Server数据库   

  $ORACLE9I_HOME\tg4msql\admin下新写initpubs.ora和initnorthwind.ora配置文件.

  initpubs.ora内容如下:

  HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="SERVER=SQLSERVER_HOSTNMAE;DATABASE=pubs"

  HS_DB_NAME=pubs

  HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF

  HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER

  HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER

  initnorthwind.ora内容如下:

  HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO="SERVER=sqlserver_hostname;DATABASE=Northwind"

  HS_DB_NAME=Northwind

  HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF

  HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER

  HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER  

  $ORACLE9I_HOME\network\admin 下listener.ora内容如下:

  LISTENER =

   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

   (DESCRIPTION =

   (ADDRESS_LIST =

   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))

   )

   )

   )  

  SID_LIST_LISTENER =

   (SID_LIST =

   (SID_DESC =

   (GLOBAL_DBNAME = test9)

   (ORACLE_HOME = d:\oracle\ora92)

   (SID_NAME = test9)

   )

   (SID_DESC=

   (SID_NAME=pubs)

   (ORACLE_HOME=d:\Oracle\Ora92)

   (PROGRAM=tg4msql)

   )

   (SID_DESC=

   (SID_NAME=northwind)

   (ORACLE_HOME=d:\Oracle\Ora92)

   (PROGRAM=tg4msql)

   )

   )  

  重启动这台做gateway的windows机器上(IP:192.168.0.2)TNSListener服务.   

  (凡是按此步骤新增可访问的SQL Server数据库时,TNSListener服务都要重启动)   

  2、ORACLE8I,ORACLE9I的服务器端配置tnsnames.ora, 添加下面的内容:   

  pubs =

   (DESCRIPTION =

   (ADDRESS_LIST =

   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))

   )

   (CONNECT_DATA =

   (SID = pubs)

   )

   (HS = pubs)

   )

  

  northwind =

   (DESCRIPTION =

   (ADDRESS_LIST =

   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))

   )

   (CONNECT_DATA =

   (SID = northwind)

   )

   (HS = northwind)

   )

   保存tnsnames.ora后,在命令行下

   tnsping pubs

   tnsping northwind  

  出现类似提示,即为成功  

  Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST =

  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)

  (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs)) (HS = pubs))

  OK(20毫秒)

  Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST =

   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)

  (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind)) (HS = northwind))

  OK(20毫秒)  

  设置数据库参数global_names=false。   

  设置global_names=false不要求建立的数据库链接和目的数据库的全局名称一致。global_names=true则要求, 多少有些不方便。   

  oracle9i和oracle8i都可以在DBA用户下用SQL命令改变global_names参数   

  alter system set global_names=false;

  建立公有的数据库链接:   

  create public database link pubs

  connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'pubs';

  create public database link northwind

  connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'northwind';

  (假设SQL Server下pubs和northwind已有足够权限的用户登陆testuser,

  密码为testuser_pwd)  

  访问SQL Server下数据库里的数据:   

  select * from stores@pubs;

  ...... ......

  select * from region@northwind;

  ...... ......  

  3、使用时的注意事项  

  ORACLE通过访问SQL Server的数据库链接时,用select * 的时候字段名是用双引号引起来的。

  例如:   

  create table stores as select * from stores@pubs;

  select zip from stores;

  ERROR 位于第 1 行:

  ORA-00904: 无效列名

  select "zip" from stores;

  zip

  -----

  98056

  92789

  96745

  98014

  90019

  89076  

  已选择6行。   

  用SQL Navigator或Toad看从SQL Server转移到ORACLE里的表的建表语句为:  

  CREATE TABLE stores

   ("stor_id" CHAR(4) NOT NULL,

   "stor_name" VARCHAR2(40),

   "stor_address" VARCHAR2(40),

   "city" VARCHAR2(20),

   "state" CHAR(2),

   "zip" CHAR(5))

   PCTFREE 10

   PCTUSED 40

   INITRANS 1

   MAXTRANS 255

   TABLESPACE users

   STORAGE (

   INITIAL 131072

   NEXT 131072

   PCTINCREASE 0

   MINEXTENTS 1

   MAXEXTENTS 2147483645

   )

  /

  总结:   

  WINDOWS下ORACLE9i网关服务器在$ORACLE9I_HOME\tg4msql\admin目录下的initsqlserver_databaseid.ora   

  WINDOWS下ORACLE9i网关服务器listener.ora里面   

  (SID_DESC=

   (SID_NAME=sqlserver_databaseid)

   (ORACLE_HOME=d:\Oracle\Ora92)

   (PROGRAM=tg4msql)

   )

   UNIX或WINDOWS下ORACLE8I,ORACLE9I服务器tnsnames.ora里面

   northwind =

   (DESCRIPTION =

  (ADDRESS_LIST =

   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521))

   )

   (CONNECT_DATA =

   (SID = sqlserver_databaseid)

   )

   (HS = sqlserver_databaseid)

   )

  sqlserver_databaseid一致才行.  

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