Managing job stress 缓解工作压力需要注意哪些要点?

　　l Hobbies 兴趣爱好

　　l Job target 工作目标

　　In relieving job stress, developing hobbies is very important. Hobbies can divert your attention/focus and help you temporarily forget your worries. Sports, for instance, like tennis, badminton, swimming, jogging, mountain-climbing, etc. will get you mentally relaxed after a day of stressful working and make you physically fit. One saying goes, all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. So everybody should learn to mix leisure with work.

　　In addition to hobbies, your job target is also important. Re-examine your job goals. Pursue realistic goals that are meaningful to you, rather than goals others have for you that you do not share. Pursue reasonable goals that are not too high and difficult for you to reach.

　　In addition, getting enough sleep, eating well-balanced and nutritious food, developing some mutually supportive friendships/relationships and developing positive emotions are important as well.

　　为了缓解工作的压力，培养兴趣爱好非常重要。兴趣爱好可以分散你的注意力也可以帮助你暂时忘记烦恼。以运动为例，网球、羽毛球、游泳、慢跑、爬山等等。在一天的紧张工作之余让身体得到锻炼、你心理上得到放松。俗话说：劳逸需相结合。因此每个人应该学会将休闲娱乐相结合。

　　除了兴趣爱好之外，工作目标也很重要。再次检查你的工作目标，追求对你有深远意义的现实的目标。而不是那些适合别人却不适合你的目标。追求合理的目标，不要把目标制定的太高也过于复杂。

　　除此之外，保证充足的睡眠，饮食上的营养平衡，处理良好的人际关系以及培养积极的情绪也很重要。

　　PART THREE: Discussion

　　Managing Stress

　　Your line manager is concerned that some staff are in low spirits and not doing their work efficiently. You have been asked to make recommendations about how to improve this situation. Discuss the situation together, and decide:

　　l why staff are less efficient in their job

　　l how to help staff to manage their stress

　　压力管理

　　在你们所在的部门，部分员工最近情绪低落，工作效率布告，部门经理对此甚是关心。请你们就如何改善该局面提出建议。讨论并决定：

　　l 员工为何工作效率下降

　　l 如何帮助员工缓解压力

　　A：You see, some colleagues aren’t as active and efficient in their job as usual and few made progress in their business in the passing months.

　　B: Yes, this is a situation that has to be improved. First of all, we should find out reasons behind this, especially work-related stressors.

　　A: That’s important. As far as I know, personality clashed among co-workers seem to be responsible. We’d better organize social activities, such as a basketball match, then colleagues can learn to help and cooperate with one another.

　　B: That would be a good idea. Work setting can create physical and mental stress too. You see, the office is a bit over-crowded and workers here just cannot enjoy privacy. We should think of moving to offices big and cozy enough.

　　A: Exactly. So many colleagues became passive in their work. Leadership style cannot be ignored. The manager should communicate with his or her staff about the leadership style through questionnaire to find out the problems and timely adjust the policies related.

　　B: Yes, that is very crucial. In addition, the company management should be concerned about the employees’ health and life, such as providing well-balanced free lunch.

　　A: Good suggestion. Besides, fierce competition and work overburden is undoubtedly responsible too. You just cannot sidestep it.

　　B: Definitely. One way out is to offer them training opportunities to improve their KSAs, such as time management training to help deal with heavy workload. Besides, we can organize sports to help them get relaxed after work.

　　A: Talking about overburden reminds me of a popular saying---“ In a well-managed company, no one should feel that he has to burn himself out.” So you see, management knowledge and skills are really essential and crucial.

　　B: You are to the point. Effective managers understand that stress control is a leadership responsibility and give it just as much attention as any other management function.

　　A: 你知道，有些员工在过去的几个月中工作不积极，工作效率也和往常一样几乎没有进展。

　　B：是的，这种情况应当被改善。首先，我们应该找到原因，尤其是相关的工作压力。

　　A：那很重要，据我所知。主要原因是同事之间的个性冲突。我们最好组织一次社会活动，例如篮球比赛，让同事之间学会相互协助和互相帮助。

　　B：那真是个好主意。工作环境也会产生身体上和心理上的压力。你知道，办公室有一些拥挤员工没有私人空间。我们应该想办法迁至一个空间足够大和足够舒适的场所。

　　A：确实是这样。许多员工在工作中变得非常被动。领导风格不容忽视。管理者应该通过问卷的方式与其员工关于领导风格进行交流来找出问题并及时调整相关政策。

　　B：是的，这很重要。除此之外，公司的管理者应该关心员工的健康及生活。例如提供免费的营养平衡的早餐。

　　A： 好建议。此外，激烈的竞争和工作压力毋庸置疑也应付责任。你也不能忽视它。

　　B：确实是这样。一个方法是为他们提供培训的机会来改善他们的 知识、技巧和能力。例如时间管理培训可以减轻他们的沉重负担，此外，我们举办体育运动在工作之余得到放松。

　　A：谈到负担过重让我想起一句流行语：在良好管理的公司没有人感到筋疲力尽。因此你明白，管理的知识和技巧是真正重要的。

　　B：你说到点子上了。有效的管理可以了解压力控制领导者责任而且多注意其他的管理信息。

　　(1) Would you welcome stress when you are targeting at your goal?(Why?/Why not?)

　　当你朝某个目标努力时，你喜欢有压力吗?(为什么?)

　　Yes. A reasonable amount of stress will push me forward a bit faster.

　　(2) Do you think companies should arrange leisure activities for the staff?(Why?/Why not?)

　　你认为公司应该组织员工参与休闲活动吗?(为什么?)

　　Yes. Arranging leisure activities as sports will help the staff better manage stress, make them healthy and strong, enhance team spirit and boost morale.

　　(3) Can people avoid stress during their life time?(Why?/Why not?)

　　在人的一生中，能躲避压力吗?(为什么?)

　　Absolutely no. stress and relaxation are like twins and are the hard fact of life. In one’s life, one will encounter this or that kind of stress due to the fierce competition of modern society. What’s important for people is to learn to cope with stress.

　　(4) How do you deal with stress in your daily life?

　　在日常生活中，你是如何缓解压力的?

　　When I am stressful under heavy workload or study load, I will divert my attention for a moment to something I enjoy, such as going to the cinema or a concert, having sports, or just go shopping, etc.

　　(5) Is time management important when dealing with stress?(Why?/Why not?)

　　学会时间管理对于缓解压力重要吗?(为什么?)

　　Yes. Managing time skillfully can help you out of your disordered and chaotic life. Every part of your business including play, work and study should have its time. And life will be fabulous.