2016年商务英语中级阅读材料（五）

　　Modes of International Business国际商业模式

　　When pursuing international business, private enterprises and governments have to decide how to carry out their business, such as what mode of operation to use. The following shows that a company has a number of modes from which to choose.

　　在进行国际商务时，民营企业和政府必须决定如何展开他们的业务，比如使用什么操作方式。下面展示了一个公司的一种选择模式。

　　MERCHANDISE EXPORTS and IMPORTS商品出口和进口

　　Companies may export or import either goods or services. More companies are involved in exporting and importing than in any other international mode.

　　公司可以出口和进口任何商品或服务。与其他任何国际模式相比，越来越多的公司参与出口和进口业务。

　　This is especially true of smaller companies, even though they are less likely than large companies to engage in exporting. ( large companies are also more apt to engage in other forms of foreign operations in addition to exporting and importing. ) merchandise exports are tangible products – goods – sent out of a country ; merchandise imports are goods brought in.

　　这种情况特别适合于较小的公司，尽管他们不太可能像大公司那样从事出口。(大企业也更容易以其他形式从事出口和进口的海外业务。)商品出口是有形资产 – 商品 – 输出到外国的过程;商品进口是商品的引进。

　　Because these goods can be seen leaving and entering a country , they are sometimes called visible exports and imports. The terms exports and imports frequently apply to merchandise, not service.

　　因为这些商品可以 看做输出和输入到一个国家，它们有时被称为有形出口和进口。这个关于出口和进口的术语通常使用与商品，而不是服务。

　　When a Chinese contractor sends Phantom Menace action figures from China to the United States, the contractor exports and Hasbro imports. The action figures are exports for China and imports for the United States. For most countries, exporting and importing of goods are the major sources of international revenue and expenditures.

　　当一个中国承包从中国向美国输出Phantom Menace的人物玩具时,承包商出口和Hasbro进口。这个人物玩具从中国出口和从美国进口。对大部分国家来说,进口和出口商品是国际收入和支出主要来源。