2016年商务英语考试中级翻译习题及答案(二)

　　International Trade and New Theories of Endogenous Growth国际贸易新理论的内生增长

　　Recent developments in the theory of endogenous growth ,starting with Romer (1986) and Lucas (1989),provide a more convincing and rigorous theoretical basis for the relationship between international trade and long-run economic growth and development . Specifically ,the new theory of endogenous economic growth postulates that lowering trade barriers will speed up the rate economic growth and development in the long run by (1) allowing developing nations to absorb the technology developed in advanced nations at a faster rate than with a lower degree of openness ,(2) increasing the benefits that flow from research and development (RD)，(3)leading to larger economies of scale in production,(4)reducing price ,distortions and leading to a more efficient use of domestic resources across sectors ,and (5) encouraging greater specialization and more efficiency in the production of intermediate inputs. To be sure , many of these ways by which freer trade can stimulate growth and development had been recognized earlier . The new theory of endogenous growth, however , probes deeper and seeks to spell out more rigorously and in greater detail the actual channels or the ways by which lower trade barriers can stimulate growth in the long run . Previous theorizing was much more casual and less rigorous.

　　最近的事态发展的内生经济增长理论，罗默(1986)和Lucas(1989)开始，提供一个更有说服力和严谨的理论基础，为国际贸易和长期的经济增长和发展之间的关系。具体来说，新的内生经济增长理论假设，降低贸易壁垒将加快率的经济增长和发展，从长远来看，(1)使发展中国家吸收先进国家的技术开发，以更快的速度，以较低的开放的程度，(2)增加，流量研究和开发(RD)，(3)导致较大的经济规模生产，降低价格，扭曲(4)更有效地利用国内资源和领导跨部门，(5)鼓励更大程度的专业化和更有效率的生产中间投入。可以肯定的是，这些更自由的贸易可以刺激经济增长和发展的方法，使许 多已被确认。新的内生增长理论，但是，更深入，试图勾勒出更严格和更详细的实际渠道或方式降低贸易壁垒可以刺激经济增长，从长远来看。前的理论变得更加随意和不那么严格。