代词

　　中考考点：考点解析

　　1.人称代词主宾格的使用。

　　2.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。

　　3. it、one、that、ones、those 做替代词的用法。

　　4. it表时间，天气，距离等句型及it作形式主语、宾语。

　　5.不定代词each、every、any等的用法。

　　考点：人称代词主宾格的使用

　　人称代词起代表人和事物的作用， 它有人称、单复数和主宾格的变化。

　　人称代词：主格做主语;

　　宾格做动词和介词的宾语。

　　I came into trouble last year, but nobody helped me.

　　拓展：it的一些特殊用法

　　1. 指天气 It was raining yesterday morning.

　　2. 指气侯 It’s cold in this room.

　　3. 指时间 What time is it? It’s six thirty.

　　4. 指距离 —How far is it from here to the park.

　　— It’s about two miles.

　　5. 在不明对方身份的情况下指代人，或者是婴儿。

　　—Who knocked the door just now? — I was taking a shower that moment, so I don’t know who it was.

　　6. 充当句子的形式主语和形式宾语。

　　It is easy for me to learn English well. (形式主语)

　　: I found it easy for me to learn English well.(形式宾语)

　　考点：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。

　　形容词物主代词起形容词作用，后接名词。

　　名词性物主代词像名词一样用后不再接名词。

　　This is my book.=This book is mine.

　　考点：反身代词

　　反身代词的常考词组：

　　Teach oneself=learn by oneself自学 Enjoy oneself 玩得高兴

　　Help oneself to 随便吃、用 By oneself 亲自

　　题一：1. I hope you can enjoy _________ at the party.我希望你在聚会上玩的开心。

　　2. The children made model planes _______. 孩子们自己做了一些飞机模型。

　　3. That poor boy was __________.那个贫穷的孩子就是我自己。

　　4. Please help _________ to some fish.别客气，吃些鱼吧。

　　考点：疑问代词

　　1. 表示疑问， 一般放在句首， 构成特殊疑问句。

　　2. 疑问词：who、whom、whose、what、which.

　　3. 解题秘笈：注意看答语。

　　Who cleaned the room yesterday? —Lucy did.

　　To whom are you talking?(做宾语)

　　Whose book is this?(who的所有格形式，做定语、表语)

　　What would you like?

　　Which one do you like best?

　　考点：不定代词

　　定义：用来不指明任何特定的人和物的代词。

　　复合不定代词：something, anything, nothing, everything等。

　　常考点：1. 形容词后置。 something important

　　2. 作主语当单数。 Something is wrong with my bike.

　　其他不定代词：

　　some 肯定句、以情态动词开头的疑问句。

　　Could you please tell me something interesting about your childhood?

　　any 否定句、其他疑问句。 (当任何一个讲可以放在肯定句中)

　　I don’t have any money with me today.

　　Any student can take part in the competition.

　　both either neither (两者之间)

　　复数 单数

　　all each/any none(三者或以上)

　　解题秘笈：一看几者， 二看单复数。

　　1. The old man has two sons and both of them are doctors.

　　2. None of the boys knows the right answer.

　　one… the other 两者之间的一者，另一者

　　another 三者或以上中的另外一者，再，又

　　1. He has a pen in one hand, and a ruler in the other.

　　2. Please give me another cup of tea.

　　some… others 一些，另一些(但并非另外全部)(游戏问题)

　　some… the others 一些，另一些 另外全部)(性别问题)

　　1. The students are playing in the playground. Some are playing football, others are playing table-tennis.

　　2. There are thirty-six students in my class. Eighteen are boys, the others are girls.

　　注意：others 和the others后不能接名词，而other后要接名词。

　　little, a little, few, a few

　　题二：1. —Would you please buy some salt for me, Tony?

　　—There’s ________ left.

　　2. I only know ______ people here.

　　考点：it, one 及that 的区别

　　1. one (ones) 代同一类，不是同一个。 Your pen is pretty, and I’d like to buy one too.

　　2. it (they/them) 代同一个。 Your pen is pretty, and I’d like to use it.

　　3. that (those) 一般用于比较句中代替前文提到的名词，以避免重复。

　　The weather in Beijing is colder than that (代weather) in Nanjing.

　　考点：none, nothing, nobody的区别

　　1. none可指人，可指物，表特指概念，常用来回答how many和how much。

　　2. nobody只能指人，表泛指概念，常回答who的疑问句。

　　3. nothing只能表物，表泛指，常用来回答what的疑问句。

　　4. none后可以跟of短语，其他不行。

　　中考代词突破方法：1. 代词指代人还是物。2. 代词指代可数还是不可数。

　　3. 代词指代特指还是泛指。4. 两者之间还是三者或是三者以上。

　　5. 代词所表示的是肯定的还是否定的概念。

　　题三：—I need something for cutting the paper.

　　—Oh, you want a knife? Ok, I’ll get ____ for you.

　　A. it B. that C. this D. one

　　题四：— Look! Do you know _____ man under the tree?

　　— Sorry. It’s too far to see _____ clearly.

　　A. this, him B. that, his C. this, her D. that, him

　　题五：May I have a talk with you, sir? I’ve got ______ important to tell you.

　　A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything

　　题六：— Whose pen is this?

　　— Oh, it’s ______. I was looking for it everywhere.

　　A. hers B. yours C. his D. mine

　　题七：— Are you _______from the US? — No, none of us.

　　A. both B. all C. any D. either

　　题八：_____ you _____ your brother can join us. We want one of you.

　　A. Both, and B. Neither, nor C. Either, or D. Not only, but also

　　代词： 讲义参考答案

　　考点解析：

　　题一：1. yourself 2. themselves/by themselves 3. myself 4. yourself

　　题二：1. little 2. a few 题三：D 题四：D 题五：C 题六：D 题七：B 题八：C