2018年10月20日托福词汇题：考点再现再练

　　一、考点 TPO 词频研究

　　1-【compression】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 7 次!

　　2-【devastated】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 1 次!

　　3-【prolonged】

　　TPO中再考它重复 2 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 5 次!

　　4-【involved】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 61 次!

　　5-【critically】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 5 次!

　　6-【contention】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 2 次!

　　7-【exceedingly】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复9次!

　　8-【detecting】

　　TPO中再考它重复 4 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 47 次!

　　9-【contracted】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 15 次!

　　10-【critical】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 31 次!

　　11-【reflects】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复11次!

　　12-【exposed】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 36 次!

　　13-【pervasive】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 1 次!

　　14-【initial】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 25 次!

　　15-【Nevertheless】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 12 次!

　　16-【flourish】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 19 次!

　　17-【renown】

　　TPO中再考它重复 2 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 4 次!

　　18-【albeit】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 1 次!

　　19-【rival】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 14 次!

　　20-【match】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 33 次!

　　21-【kept pace with】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 2 次!

　　二、考点 TPO 再现再练

　　1-【compression】

　　TPO中再考它重复 1 次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复 7 次!

　　Determining Dinosaur Diet(TPO-48. 2)

　　The jaw joints of many advanced herbivores, such as cows, lie at a different level than the tooth row, allowing transverse tearing, shredding, and compression of plant material.

　　19. The word "compression" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. destruction

　　B. crushing

　　C. swallowing

　　D. removal

　　【B】

　　2-【devastated】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复1次!

　　Symbiotic Relationships(TPO-17.3)

　　Spread rapidly by mosquitoes, the virus devastated the rabbit population.

　　32. The word “devastated” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. influenced

　　B. infected

　　C. strengthened

　　D. destroyed

　　【D】

　　3-【prolonged】

　　TPO中再考它重复2次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复5次!

　　Maya Water Problems(TPO-14.2)

　　But the inhabitants of Tikal and other cities dependent on reservoirs for drinking water would still have been in deep trouble if 18 months passed without rain in a prolonged drought.

　　24. The word “prolonged” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. unusual

　　B. unexpected

　　C. extended

　　D. disastrous

　　【C】

　　Savanna Formation(TPO-31. 3)

　　Savannas typically experience a rather prolonged dry season.

　　29. The word "prolonged" in thepassage is closest in meaning to

　　A. predictable

　　B. destructive

　　C. lengthy

　　D. unproductive

　　【C】

　　4-【involved】

　　(本次考的 complicated 放在题干中。)

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复61次!

　　Climate and Urban Development(TPO-48.3)

　　The cause of the urban heat island is quite involved.

　　29. The word "involved" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. uncertain

　　B. complicated

　　C. common

　　D. clear

　　【B】

　　5-【critically】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复5次!

　　Infantile Amnesia(TPO-06.3)

　　Whether people can remember an event depends critically on the fit between the way in which they earlier encoded the information and the way in which they later attempt to retrieve it.

　　34. The word “critically” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. fundamentally

　　B. partially

　　C. consistently

　　D. subsequently

　　【A】

　　6-【contention】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复2次!

　　The origins of Agriculture(TPO-21.2)

　　Whether Mithen's explanation is satisfactory is open to contention, and some authors have recently emphasized the importance of other factors.

　　25. The word “contention” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. investigation

　　B. improvement

　　C. debate

　　D. interpretation

　　【C】

　　7-【exceedingly】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复2次!

　　Soil Formation(TPO-36.1)

　　Insects such as ants and termites also can be exceedingly numerous under favorable climatic and soil conditions.

　　11. The word “exceedingly” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. surprisingly

　　B. relatively

　　C. reliably

　　D. extremely

　　【D】

　　8-【detecting】

　　TPO中再考它重复4次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复47次!

　　Industrial Melanism: The Case of the Peppered Moth(TPO-36.3)

　　In industrialized areas, lichens are destroyed by pollution, tree barks become darker, and dark moths are the ones birds have difficulty detecting.

　　36. The word “detecting” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. discovering

　　B. capturing

　　C. eating

　　D. hiding

　　【A】

　　Microscopes(TPO-38.1)

　　Only under special conditions can electron microscopes detect individual atoms.

　　7. The word “detect” in the passage iscloset in meaning to

　　A. change

　　B. reveal

　　C. combine

　　D. enlarge

　　【B】

　　Early Writing Systems(TPO-39.1)

　　Scholars have detected some 6,000 separate hieroglyphic characters in use over the history of Egyptian writing, but it appears that never more than a thousand were in use during any one period.

　　10. The word “detected” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. identified

　　B. described

　　C. studied

　　D. classified

　　【A】

　　Ecosystem Diversity and Stability(TPO-46.3)

　　In the end, despite insightful attempts to detect some general patterns, we may find it very difficult to reduce this topic to a simple, universal truth.

　　39. The word "detect" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. repeat

　　B. alter

　　C. find

　　D. emphasize

　　【C】

　　9-【contracted】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复15次!

　　Movable Type(TPO-49 Reading Part 2)

　　By about 1150, the Spanish had developed the first mill for making cheap paper (a word contracted from"papyrus", which became the standard term).

　　16. The word "contracted" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. translated

　　B. invented

　　C. shortened

　　D. borrowed

　　【C】

　　10-【critical】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复31次!

　　The Raccoons' Success(TPO-38 Reading Part 2)

　　The extermination of the wolf from most of the contiguous United States may have been a critical factor in the raccoon'sexpansion and numerical increase.

　　24. The word “critical” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. predictable

　　B. crucial

　　C. negative

　　D. Contributing

　　【B】

　　11-【reflects】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复11次!

　　Natufian Culture(TPO-52 Reading Part 2)

　　The Natufians made (and presumably wore) beads and pendants in many materials, including gemstones and marine shells that had to be imported, and it is possible that this ornamentation actually reflects a growing sense of ethnic identity and perhaps some differences in personal and group status.

　　23. The word "reflects" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. indicates

　　B. causes

　　C. hides

　　D. prevents

　　【A】

　　12-【exposed】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复36次!

　　THE ORIGINS OFCETACEANS(TPO-02.2)

　　Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by theTethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert.

　　19. The word “exposed”in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. explained

　　B. visible

　　C. identified

　　D. located

　　【B】

　　13-【pervasive】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复1次!

　　Modern Architecture in the United States(TPO-37.3)

　　The development of modern architecture might in large part be seen as an adaptation of this sort of functional building and its pervasive application for daily use.

　　28.The word “pervasive” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. innovation

　　B. skilled

　　C. eventual

　　D. widespread

　　【D】

　　14-【initial】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复25次!

　　Geographic Isolation of Species(TPO-42.1)

　　In the formation of many species, the initial isolation of a population seems to have been a geographic barrier.

　　2.The word "initial" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. best

　　B. usual

　　C. first

　　D. actual

　　【C】

　　15-【Nevertheless】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复12次!

　　Elements of Life(TPO-54.3)

　　Nevertheless, every star system studied has at least some amount of all the elements used by life.

　　33. The word "Nevertheless" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. additionally

　　B. however

　　C. in particular

　　D. on the contrary

　　【B】

　　16-【flourish】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复19次!

　　Reflection in Teaching(TPO-09.2)

　　Wildman and Niles were particularly interested in investigating the conditions under which reflection might flourish – a subject on which there is little guidance in the literature.

　　The word “flourish” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. continue

　　B. occur

　　C. succeed

　　D. apply

　　【C】

　　17-【renown】

　　TPO中再考它重复2次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复4次!

　　Thales and theMilesians(TPO-37.1)

　　His two best-known followers, though there were undoubtedly others who attained less renown, were Anaximander and Anaximenes.

　　2. The word “renown” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. power

　　B. fame

　　C. wealth

　　D. wisdom

　　【B】

　　TermiteIngenuity(TPO-47.2)

　　Renowned Swiss entomologist Martin Luscher described the mounds of this fungus-growing species as being as much as 16 feet tall, 16 feet in diameter at their base, and with a cement-like wall of soil mixed with termite saliva that is from 16 to 23 inches thick.

　　20. The word"Renowned" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. Skilled

　　B. Famous

　　C. Early

　　D. Revolutionary

　　【B】

　　18-【albeit】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复1次!

　　Early Saharan Pastoralists(TPO-28.2)

　　The Sahara is ahighly diverse, albeit dry, region that has undergone major climatic changes since 10,000 B. C.

　　16. The word "albeit" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. usually

　　B. almost

　　C. though

　　D. rather

　　【C】

　　19-【rival】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复14次!

　　Distributions of Tropical Bee Colonies(TPO-32. 3)

　　Though these bees do no sting, rival colonies of some species fight fiercely over potential nesting sites.

　　29. The word"rival" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. established

　　B. competing

　　C. nearby

　　D. different

　　【B】

　　20-【match】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复33次!

　　GlacierFormation(TPO-15.1)

　　For a glacier to grow or maintain its mass, there must be sufficient snowfall to match or exceed the annual loss through melting, evaporation, and calving, which occurs when the glacier loses solid chunks as icebergs to the sea or to large lakes

　　3. The word "match" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. measure

　　B. enlarge

　　C. approximate

　　D. equal

　　【D】

　　match同义考点

　　21-【kept pace with】

　　TPO中再考它重复1次!

　　TPO中再出现它重复2次!

　　Population Growth in Nineteenth-Century Europe(TPO-51.3)

　　After 1850, however, the expansion of foods more regularly kept pace with population growth, though the poorer classes remained malnourished.

　　32. The phrase "kept pace with" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. exceeded

　　B. matched the increase in

　　C. increased therate of

　　D. caused

　　【B】

　　三、考点 TPO 词汇回顾

　　1-【compression】

　　2-【devastated】

　　3-【prolonged】

　　4-【involved】

　　5-【critically】

　　6-【contention】

　　7-【exceedingly】

　　8-【detecting】

　　9-【contracted】

　　10-【critical】

　　11-【reflects】

　　12-【exposed】

　　13-【pervasive】

　　14-【initial】

　　15-【Nevertheless】

　　16-【flourish】

　　17-【renown】

　　18-【albeit】

　　19-【rival】

　　20-【match】

　　21-【kept pace with】