2018年公共英语四级重点语法资料：强调句

　　强调句

　　强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，下面简单归纳它的几种结构：

　　1、用助动词“do (does/ did)+动词原形”来表示强调：

　　He does know the place well. 他的确很熟悉这个地方。

　　Do write to me when you get there. 你到那儿后务必给我来信。

　　2、用形容词very, only, single, such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：

　　That’s the very textbook we used last term.

　　You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.

　　Not a single person has been in the shop this morning.

　　How dare you buy such expensive jewels?

　　3、用ever, never, very, just等副词和badly, highly, really等带有-ly的副词进行强调：

　　Why ever did you do so? He never said a word the whole day.

　　You’ve got to be very, very careful. This is just what I wanted.

　　He was badly wounded. I really don’t know what to do next.

　　4、用in the world, on earth, at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用语疑问句)：

　　Where in the world could he be? What on earth is it? Do you know at all?

　　5、用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：

　　How interesting a story it is! Oh, what a lie!

　　6、用重复来表示强调：

　　They walked for miles and miles.

　　7、用倒装句(也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首)来加强语气：

　　Only in this way, can we solve this problem.

　　8、用强调句型：“It is (was) +被强调部分+that (who)+原句其他部分”来强调说话人的意愿：

　　It was on Monday night that all this happened. It’s me that he blamed.

　　15、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用

　　在某些动词后的宾语从句中需要用虚拟语气：

　　1)wish后的宾语从句：

　　在wish后的宾语从句中谓语主要有两种形式(表示与事实相反的情况)：

　　a.用过去式表示现在的情况，动词be用were时较多(也有人用was)：

　　I wish I knew what was going to happen. I wish I were (was) young again.

　　b.用相当于过去完成时的形式，表示过去的情况(常有遗憾的味道)：

　　I wish (that) I had listened to your advice. My father wished (that) be had gone to university.

　　2)would rather (sooner)后的宾语从句：

　　谓语多用相当于过去式的形式，表示现在或将来的情况：

　　I would rather you told me the truth. I’d rather you hadn’t told me about it.

　　3)suggest, demand, insist, ask等动词后的宾语从句：

　　He suggested that a petition (should) be drawn up. 他建议起草一份请愿书。

　　She demanded that I pay her immediately.

　　He insisted that Jennie send her to dancing school.

　　He asks that he be given an opportunity to explain his case.

　　He requires that they (should) work all night.

　　英国人多用“should+动词原形”作这类从句的谓语，但现在用原形的人也越来越多了，另外这类句子也可变为被动语态，宾语从句则成了主语从句：

　　It is suggested that we make a special study of the problem.

　　It is requested that a vote be taken. 有人提请投票表决。