短文理解 |||第一节短文理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　第21题单选修改

　　Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?

　　A.Because they could only live in the warm climate.

　　B.Because they once dominated the Earth.

　　C.Because their extinction indicates future disasters.

　　D.Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age.

　　参考答案：C

　　参考解析：C【解析】推理判断题。为了证明这种灾难发生的可能性，作者举例说明。举的例子是恐龙的灭绝。它们曾经在地球上生活了近l亿6千万年，但是在6千5百万年前突然消失，所以证明未来的地球上可能发生灾难。所以正确的答案为C。

　　第22题单选修改

　　阅读下列短文,回答{TSE}题目.

　　In July l994 Jupiter，the largest planet in our solar system，was struck by 21 pieces of a comet(彗星).When the fragments(碎片)landed in the southern part of the giant planet，the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth。But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?

　　The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth.Most of it will miss our planet，but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth.The news has caused panic.

　　On 17 July，a fragment four kilometres wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a huge explosion.About half of the fragment is destroyed.‘But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound.The sea boils and all enormous wave is created and spreads.

　　The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometres a、n hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroved and millions of people are drowned.The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.

　　Millions of people are akeady dead in the southern part of the Earth.but the north won’t escape for long.Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions.As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust，temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are mined.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later civilization.has collapsed.No more than 10 million people have survived.

　　Could it really happen?In fact，it has akeady happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinosaurs(恐龙)were on the Earth for over 160 million years.Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment.

　　The dinosaurs couldn’t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct.Will we meet the same end?

　　{TS} Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the author’s description of the disaster in 2094?

　　A.The whole world becomes extremely cold.

　　B.All the coastal cities in Africa are destroyed.

　　C.The whole mankind becomes extinct.

　　D.The visit of the comet results in wars.

　　参考答案：C

　　参考解析： 参考译文

　　1994年7月，太阳系最大的行星，丘比特，被一个彗星的21个碎片撞击了。当碎片在这个巨型行星的南部着陆时，科学家在地球上就可以看到这些爆炸。但是如果我们的地球被彗星撞击的话，后果是什么呢?

　　这件事将发生在2094年。据宣布，一个彗星正朝地球运行。它的大部分碎片会与地球擦肩而过，但是有两片可能会撞到地球的南部。这条消息引起了人们的恐慌。

　　在7月17号，伴随一声巨大的爆炸，一个四公里宽的碎片进入了地球的大气层。大约一半的碎片被大气层的摩擦燃烧掉。但是碎片的大部分残留了下来。它以200倍的声速撞击了南大西洋。海洋沸腾了，导致了巨大的海浪，并开始蔓延。水墙以每小时800公里的速度向南非逼近。非洲沿岸的城市完全被破坏，数百万的人被淹死。海浪冲进印度洋，并且向亚洲袭来。

　　在地球的南部已经有数百万的人死亡，但是北部的人们也不会逃脱厄运太久。爆炸将数吨重的碎片抛向大气层，太阳被灰尘遮蔽，世界温度几乎降到零度。农作物被毁坏，国家之间为了争夺食物发生战争。一年之后，人类文明荡然无存。幸存的人不超过一千万。

　　这真可能发生吗?事实上，在地球的历史上，已经发生过数次。恐龙在地球上生存了一亿六千万年。然后，在六千五百万年前，它们突然消失了。许多科学家们认为地球被一个宇宙碎片撞击了。恐龙不能在随后的寒冷气候下幸存下来，所以他们灭绝了。我们会重复同样的结束吗?

　　答案及解析

　　C【解析】推理判断题。作者在这篇科幻小说中描述了2094年7月17日彗星撞击地球后的情形。在倒数的第二段作者说，A yearlater civilization has collapsed.No more than l0 million people havesurvived.而不是人类在地球上灭绝了。extinct意为“灭绝”。所以正确的答案为C。

　　第23题单选修改

　　In writing the passage，the author intends to__________.

　　A.give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the future

　　B.prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed

　　C.tell the historical development of the Earth

　　D.warn of a possible disaster in the future

　　参考答案：D

　　参考解析：D【解析】推理判断题。在这篇短文中，作者讲述了2094年彗星撞击地球后可能产生的灾难，目的是为了警告人们在未来地球可能会遭受灾难。所以正确的答案为D。