2018年学位英语考试自测习题及答案（15）

　　Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and a convenient way to travel to many parts of the world. Toady, experts believe that nearly two-thirds of the world’’s population live within eighty kilometers of the seacoast.

　　In the modern technological world the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive. Resources on land are beginning to grow less. The sea, however, still offers hope to supply many of man’’s needs in the future.

　　The riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’’s technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.

　　Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. For example, warm temperature of the ocean can be used as the steam in a steamship. Sea may also offer a source of energy as electricity for mankind.

　　Technology is enabling man to explore even deeper under the sea. It is obvious that the technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. By the 2050.

　　Experts believe that the problems to explore the food, minerals and energy resources of the sea will have been largely solved.

　　1. What is the beat title for the passage?

　　A Needs of Man.

　　B Sea Harvest and Food

　　C Sea and Sources of Energy

　　D Sea Exploring Technology.

　　答案:D

　　2. It can be inferred from the passage that______.

　　A man hasn’t completely made use of the riches of the sea

　　B technology for exploring the sea has been solved

　　C harvesting rice in the sea will be made possible

　　D in the near future man can live on the ocean floor

　　答案:A

　　3. Why does the author mention a steamship?

　　A To illustrate that man can make use of sources of energy from the sea.

　　B To show that a steamship is better than other kinds of ships.

　　C To argue that man should use steamships.

　　D To indicate that it is warmer in the ocean than on land.

　　答案:A

　　4. According to the author, technology is important because______.

　　A resources on land are running short in ten years

　　B man can use it to explore the deeper sea

　　C it is a lot of fun diving into the sea

　　D ancient people used it to explore the sea

　　答案:B

　　5. According to the author, when will the problems to explore the deeper sea largely be solved?

　　A In the next generation.

　　B By the end of the 20th century.

　　C In the near future.

　　D By the middle of the 21st century.

　　答案:D

　　A youngster’’s social development has a profound effect on his academic progress. Kids who have trouble getting along with their classmates can end up behind academically as well and have a higher chance of dropping out (退学). In the early grades especially, experts say, youngsters should be encouraged to work in groups rather than individually so that teachers can spot children who may be having problems making friends. "When children work on a project", says Lillian Kate, an educational professor at the University of Illinois, "they learn to work together, to disagree, to think, to take turns and lighten tensions. These skills can’’t be learned through lecture. We all know people who have wonderful technical skills but don’’t have any social skills. Relationships should be the first R."

　　At a certain age, children are also learning to judge themselves in relation to others. For most children, school marks the first time that their goals are not set by an internal clock but by the outside world. Just as a 1-year-old struggling to walk, a 6-year-old is struggling to meet adults’’ expectations. "Young kids don’’t know how to distinguish between effort and ability." says Professor Hill, an early-childhood educator for the state of New Jersey, "If they try hard to do something and fail, they may conclude that they will never be able to accomplish a particular task. The effects of obvious methods comparison such as posting grades can be serious", says Hills, "a child who has had his confidence really damaged needs a rescue operation".

　　6. The author seems to think that a kid’s poor relationship with his classmates would________.

　　A have negative effects on his study

　　B develop his individualism but limit his intelligence

　　C eventually lead to his leaving school

　　D have nothing to do with his achievements in a course

　　答案:A

　　7. In the first paragraph, the word "spot" means________.

　　A teach

　　B help

　　C find

　　D treat

　　答案:C

　　8. For most children, school makes them understand________.

　　A that it is society rather than individual that decides one’s future

　　B that they can meet the social needs

　　C that one’s effort and one’s ability can be two quite different matters

　　D that social needs and individual needs have nothing in common

　　答案:A

　　9. Which of the following is most unlikely for the author to do?

　　A To talk to the students who have mental problems.

　　B To help students develop a feeling of self-respect.

　　C To keep a student from playing alone.

　　D To announce a student’s scores in public.

　　答案:D

　　10. Which of the following is the major concern of the passage about a student’s needs?

　　A Individualism and cooperation.

　　B Academic success and independent thinking.

　　C Socialization and feeling of confidence.

　　D Intelligence and respect.

　　答案:C

　　By adopting a few simple techniques, parents who read to their children can greatly increase their children’’s language development. It is surprising but true. How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children’’s language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child’’s language skills increase.

　　A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training session in which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rather than yes-or-no questions. For example, the parent should ask, "What is the doggie doing?" rather than "Is the doggie running away?" The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers.

　　At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ in measures of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group showed 5.5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression and vocabulary. Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an advance of 6 months over the children in the control group.

　　11. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

　　A Children who talk a lot are more intelligent.

　　B Parents who listen to their children can teach them more.

　　C Active children should read more and be given more attention.

　　D Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods.

　　答案:D

　　12. What does "it" in line 2 can most probably be replaced by?

　　A Parents increasing children’s language development_________.

　　B Reading techniques being simple

　　C Parents reading to children

　　D Children’s intelligence development

　　答案:A

　　13. According to the author, which of the following questions is the best type to ask children about?

　　A Do you see the elephant?

　　B Is the elephant in the cage?

　　C What animals do you like?

　　D Shall we go to the zoo?

　　答案:C

　　14. The difference between the control group and the experimental group was_________.

　　A the training that parents received

　　B the age of the children

　　C tile books that were read

　　D the number of the children

　　答案:A

　　15. The best conclusion we can draw from the passage is that_________.

　　A parents should be trained to read to their children

　　B the more children read, the more intelligent they will become

　　C children’s language skills increase when they are required to respond actively

　　D children who read actively seem six months older

　　答案:C