Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts 1D our protective blanket on 2C . Light gets through, and this is essential 3D plants to make the food which we 4C . Heat, 5D , makes our environments tolerable and some ultraviolet rays(紫外线的) penetrate the 6C . Cosmic (宇宙的) rays of various kinds come 7D the air from outer space, but 8B quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. 9A men leave the atmosphere they are 10B to this radiation; 11A their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, 12D prevent a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in 13C . Doses of radiation are measured in 14B called “rem(雷姆)”. We all 15A radiation here on earth from the sun, from cosmic rays and from radioactive minerals. The “ 16D ” dose of radiation that we receive each year is about two milligrams; it 17D according to where you live, and this is a very rough estimate. Scientists have reason to think 18C a man can 19A far more radiation 20B without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed.

　　太空是一个危险的地方，不仅因为那儿有流星，而且还有来自太阳和其它行星的射线。大气层又一次充当了地球的保护层。从大气层透进来的光线是地球植物所必需的，而这些植物则给我们提供了食物。同时，光线带来的热量使得我们的环境舒适，还有一些紫外线也穿透大气层到达地球。宇宙中各种各样的射线通过大气层到达地球，然而，来自太阳的强烈辐射则被阻挡在外。一旦人类没有大气层的保护，就会受到这种辐射。但是人们穿上航天服或者呆在宇宙飞船里，则可以免受很多辐射的侵害。辐射是目前为止人类所知对太空探索者最大的威胁。放射线用“雷姆”作为衡量单位。地球上的所有辐射来自太阳、宇宙射线和放射性矿物质。我们每年所能承受的“正常辐射值”大约为200毫克，这只是一个大概的估计，因为这个值会随着我们居住的环境而改变。科学家们认为，一个人能抵挡更多的辐射而不会受到任何伤寒，这个辐射值为60雷姆。

　　1. A. for B. with C. on D. as

　　2. A. stars B. sun C. earth D. space

　　3. A. with B. from C. under D. for

　　4. A. use B. live C. eat D. get

　　5. A. again B. also C. besides D. too

　　6. A. environment B. space C. atmosphere D. earth

　　7. A. across B. to C. from D. through

　　8. A. valid B. enormous C. various D. proper

　　9. A. As soon as B. As well as C. As much as D. As possible as

　　10. A. shown B. exposed C. faced D. covered

　　11. A. but B. because C. so D. so that

　　12. A. get B. make C. have D. do

　　13. A. earth B. atmosphere C. space D. environment

　　14. A. pieces B. units C. parts D. elements

　　15. A. receive B. accept C. bring D. catch

　　16. A. conventional B. common C. general D. normal

　　17. A. shifts B. converts C. modifies D. varies

　　18. A. what B. which C. that D. why

　　19. A. put up with B. keep up with C. come up with D. catch up with

　　20. A. from B. than C. as D. away

　　If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or 1C in your work would depend, to 2A great extent, 3B your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. 4B the utmost importance is your attitude. A person 5A begins a job convinced that he isn’t going to like it or is 6C that he is going to feel troubled is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure 7D his belief that he is probably as capable 8C doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt 9D it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. 10C the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who can’t add or a carpenter who can’t cut a straight line with a saw 11D hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize 12D the strength and overcome the 13B that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first 14B stock of somewhere you stand now. 15A we get further along in the book, we’ll be 16D in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 17C skills. However. 18B begin with, you should pause 19A examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 20C , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.

　　假如明天你开始从事一份新的工作，你会带着自身的优点和缺点。工作的成败很大程度上取决于你将自身优缺点运用到极至的能力，而至关重要的就是态度。如果一个刚刚开始工作的人就深信自己不会喜欢或肯定不适应这项工作，那么阻碍他成功的缺点就暴露出来了。反之，如果坚信自己和别人一样能胜任这份工作并且勇于做出尝试，那么他就具有达到目标的优势，就会很好地完成工作。所以，优势是具有某一工作的必要技能，而缺乏这条件的很显然就是缺点。会计不懂加法，或者木匠不会锯子锯出直线都是不成功的例子。这本书就是为你在工作中充分利用优点克服缺点而特别编撰的。但是为了分阶段衡量你的进步，首先必须清楚目前自己的位置。随着书中内容的进一步深入，我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程。首先，你应该从三方面来审视目前自己的优缺点：态度、阅读与交际技巧、学习习惯，这些是你在学习成败的关键。

　　1. A. improvement B. victory C. failure D. achievement

　　2. A. a B. the C. some D. certain

　　3. A. in B. on C. of D. to

　　4. A. Out of B. Of C. To D. Into

　　5. A. who B. what C. that D. which

　　6. A. ensure B. certain C. sure D. surely

　　7. A. onto B. on C. off D. in

　　8. A. to B. at C. of D. for

　　9. A. near B. on C. by D. at

　　10. A. Have B. Had C. having D. had been

　　11. A. being B. been C. are D. is

　　12. A. except B. but C. for D. on

　　13. A. idea B. weakness C. strength D. advantage

　　14. A. make B. take C. do D. give

　　15. A. As B. Till C. Over D. Out

　　16. A. deal B. dealt C. be dealt D. dealing

　　17. A. learnt B. learned C. learning D. learn

　　18. A. around B. to C. from D. beside

　　19. A. to B. onto C. into D. with

　　20. A. intelligence B. work C. attitude D. weakness