Part II Reading Comprehension(40 points)

　　Directions：There are 4 reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with o single line throught the center.

　　16、根据以下内容回答16-35题：

　　Traditionally.universities have carried out two main activities：research and teaching.Many expels would argue that both these activities play a critical role in serving the communi-ty.The fundamental question，however，is how does the community want or need to be served?

　　In recent years universities have been coming under increasing pressure from both the govemments and the public to ensure that they do not remain…ivory towers”(象牙之塔)of study separated from the realities of everyday life.University teachers have been encouraged，and in some cases compelled，to provide more courses which produce graduates with the techni-cal skills required for the commercial use.If Aristotle wanted to work in university in the uk today，he would have a good chance of teaching computer science but would not be so rea.Dily employable as a philosopher.

　　A post.industrial society requires large numbers of computer programmers，engineers，managers and technicians to maintain and develop its economic growth but“man”，as the Bible says，“does not live by bread alone.”Apart from requiring medical and social services，which do not directly contribute to economic growth，the society should also value and enjoy litera-ture.music and the arts.In these cost-conscious times，it has even been pointed out in justifi-cation for the funding of the arts that they can be useful money earners.A successful musical play，for instance，can contribute as much to the Gross National Product through tourist dollars as any other things.

　　We can know from the first paragraph that the author__________ .

　　A.believes traditional’universities have done a good job serving the community

　　B.believes it remains to be discussed how universities should meet the needs of society

　　C.thinks some experts require too much of universities

　　D.thinks universities should do more than just research and teaching

　　17、It can be inferred from the second paragraph that__________ .

　　A.modern society is not satisfied with the present college education

　　B.interference from the government is unwelcome

　　C.teachers are compelled to do what they don’t like to do

　　D.it’s a mistake for universities to teach courses of no commercial use

　　18、The example of Aristotle indicates that__________ .

　　A.universities in the UK have produced too many good-for-nothing graduates

　　B.universities should stop teaching philosophy

　　C.high technology is nOW valued more than other COUrses in universities

　　D.universities should put more stress on computer science

　　19、According to the passage，literature，music and the arts__________ .

　　A.contribute directly to economic growth

　　B.are as necessary tot man as medical and social services

　　C.are justified since they bring profits

　　D.provide a good way of earning money

　　20、The author implies that__________ .

　　A.economy should always be a nation’S first priority

　　B.universities should take cost into account when they decide what courses they will offer

　　C.successful musical plays are part of national economy

　　D.economic growth is not the only need of mankind

　　21、根据以下内容回答21-40题：

　　Each nation has its own peculiar character which distinguishes it from others.But the peo-pies of the world have more points in common than points in which they differ.One type of per-son that is common in evcry country is the one who always tries to do as littl.e as possible and to get as much as possible in return.His opposite，the man who is in the habit of doing more than is strictly necessary and who is ready to accept what is offered in return，is rare everywhere.

　　Both these tyDes are usually unconscious of their character.The man who avoids effort is always talking about his“rights”：he appears to think that society owes him a pleasant，easy life.The man who tries to do as little as he Call is always full of excuses：if he has neglected to do something，it was because he had a headache，or the weather was too hot——or too cold——or because he was prevented by bad luck.At first，other people，such as his friends and his em-ployer，generously accept his stories;but soon they realize what kind of person he is.In the long run he deceives only himself.When his friends become cool towards him and he fails to make progress in his job，he is surprised and hurt.He blames everyone and everything except himseIf.He feels that society is failing in its duties towards him，and that he is being unjustly treated.

　　The central idea of Paragraph l is that__________ .

　　A.each nation is peculiar enough to enable us to distinguish it from others

　　B.the peoples of the world are as alike as they are different

　　C.the peoples of the world have more similarities than differences

　　D.those who do.more than is strictly necessary are common in every country

　　22、According to Paragraph l，the man who does more than is required__________ .

　　A.is ready to accept what the society offers him

　　B.expects nothing in retum for his work

　　C.feels that he iS under heavy debt

　　D.thinks this makes his life easy

　　23、Those who try to do as little as possible

　　A.envy others’good luck

　　B.are good story—tellers

　　C.supply false reasons for their lack of responsibility

　　D.think that their opposites owe them a pleasant life

　　24、The phrase“in the long run”(Paragraph 3)is closest in meaning to“__________ ”.

　　A.in pmctice

　　B.in the end

　　C.in effect

　　D.in no time

　　25、It can be inferred from the passage that people who cheat__________ .

　　A.will be unjustly treated

　　B.will cheat only themselves eventually

　　C.will change their behavior

　　D.will get surprised by their own stories

　　26、 根据以下内容回答26-45题：

　　Let US take a look at the chief thing in the story—the human body itself.A human body appears to be rather soft and delicate，compared with that of a wild animal，but it is actually surprisingly strong.Indeed，its very softness and looseness are an advantage;it makes man good at moving about and falling about in safety.Man is the most skillful in movement of all living things of his own size，because he can do so many different things with his limbs.Man’s games show how he can control his own body.No other land creature can swim as skillfully as man;none has such varied grace;very few live as long as he;none is so strong in its natural resistance to disease.Therefore man has a great advantage in his battle against the risks of damage and death that threaten him.It is difficult to kill him as long as he is fed and in good health.Yet every day thousands of people die needlessly，even though man is naturally strong，because of those two killers，disease and starvation，with the battle.

　　Old age?No one can live forever，so one might’suppose that quite a large number of oldpeople would come to the end of their days every year.There is，however，another thing to re-member.During the time it has taken you to read this page，a considerable number of babies have been born somewhere in the wodd—one is born every one and a quarter seconds!Of these babies，one group can be expected to have a good long life of about seventy years，because they were lucky enough to be born in countries where living standards are high.

　　The deadliest of all killers are starvation and disease.We cannot be content until we have mastered them.To do so is one of the most important tasks of our times.

　　The softness and looseness of man’s body are an advantage because it__________ .

　　A.makes him strong

　　B.makes him resistant to diseases

　　C.helps him to avoid injury

　　D.keeps him in good health

　　27、 The words“varied grace”refer to man’s__________ .

　　A.softness and delicacy

　　B.ability to swim well

　　C.strength

　　D.ability to perform much different movement easily and skillfully

　　28、 Why is the word“different”in italics?

　　A.Because it is not important

　　B.To make it easier to read

　　C.To make it clear to see

　　D.For’emphasis

　　29、 The sentence that could be considered the topic sentence begins with__________ .

　　A.Let US take a look

　　B.A human body appears to be

　　C.Indeed，it is very softness

　　D.Man iS the most skillful

　　30、What，according to the writer，is one of the most important tasks of our time?

　　A.To keep people from agin9.

　　B.To practice birth.contr01.

　　C.To make people still stronger.

　　D.To do away with starvation and disease.

　　31、根据以下内容回答31-50题：

　　In the United States，it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning.If you telephone him early in the day，while he is shaving or having breakfast，the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention.The same mean-ing is attached to telephone calls made after l l：00 P.m.If someone receives a call during sleeping hours，he assumes it's a matter of life ot death.The time chosen for the call communi-cares has its importance.

　　In social life，time plays a very important part ineveryday life.In the U.S.A.guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four davs before the party date.But it is not true in all countries.In other areas of the world，it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten.The meaning of time differs in dif-ferent Darts of the wodd.Thus，misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differentlv.Promptness is valued highly in American life.If people are not prompt，they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible.In the U.S.no one would think of keep-ing a business associate waiting for an hour，it would be too impolite.A person who is 5 mi-nutes late.he wm say a few words of explaination，though perhaps he will not complete the sentence

　　“The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11：00 P.m…”Here “attached”means

　　A.taken

　　B.drawn

　　C.given

　　D.shown

　　32、Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at dawn，this would mean__________ .

　　A.the matter is important

　　B.the matter is somewhat important

　　C.the matter requires immediate attention

　　D.it is a matter of life and death

　　33、According to this passage，time plays an important role in__________ .

　　A.everyday life

　　B.school life

　　C.communications

　　D.private life

　　34、The best title for this passage is__________ .

　　A.The Voices of Time

　　B.The Importance of Time

　　C.The Importance of.an Announcement

　　D.Time and Tide Wait for No Man

　　35、According to the passage，the author of the article may agree to which of the following statements?

　　A.It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three or four days before a dinner party date in U.S.A.

　　B.It may be appropriate to send your invitation to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some cultures.

　　C.It is best for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less.

　　D.If one is less than 5 minutes late，he has to make a short apology.