2016年CET4考试翻译强化练习(3)

　　中国山水画Landscape Painting

　　山水画一直以来都被誉为中国绘画的最高境界。它品味高端，很受欢迎。一般意义上，中国山水画被认为是书法、绘画及诗歌的结合或延伸。汉语“山水”这个词由“山”和“水”两个汉字组成，且与道教的哲学思想相联系，它强调的是人与自然的和谐。中国画家描绘的并不总是真实的世界，他们呈现的是自己想象出来的风景，这些风景不再只是对眼前世界的描绘，而是画家内在思想的写照。因此，人们认为欣赏山水画除了可以很好地了解画家的内心世界之外，还可以净化自己的灵魂。

　　Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles. It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste. Chinese Landscape painting in general is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy, painting, and poetry. The Chinese term for “landscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”. It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism, which emphasizes harmony with the natural world. Chinese artists do not usually paint real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of the visible world, but a means of conveying the inner mind. People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artist’s inner heart as well as a way to purify their souls.

　　中国戏曲 Chinese Opera

　　在中国，戏曲是一种很流行的戏剧形式，一般来说，可以追溯到唐朝时期，当时的皇帝唐玄宗创立了“梨园”。如今，许多外国人也很喜欢中国的戏曲。最吸引他们的则是戏曲的独有风格—画脸谱，它不仅是戏曲中的一大亮点，同时还要求独特的绘画技艺。每个演员脸上夸张的扮相代表其扮演角色的性格和命运。熟知戏曲的观众通过观察演员的脸谱和服装就可以知道角色背后的故事。通常，红色脸谱代表忠诚与勇敢;黑色代表凶猛;黄色和白色代表口是心非;金色和银色代表神秘。7对于中国人，特别是老年人，欣赏戏曲是他们的一大乐趣。

　　Chinese opera is a popular form of drama in China. In general, it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor Xuanzong, who founded the “Pear Garden”. Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people. What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up, which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive techniques of painting. Exaggerated designs are painted on each performer''''''''s face to symbolize a character''''''''s personality, and fate. Audiences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes. Generally, a red face represents loyalty and bravery; a black face, rough ; yellow and white faces, duplicity; and golden and silver faces, mystery. For Chinese, especially older folks, to listen to opera is a real pleasure.