2016年CATTI三级口译考试讲义二

　　信息的视觉化和形象化

　　在口译中当我们听到一段讲话，我们可以快速对其逻辑关系进行分析，加强记忆效果。实际上，我们还有其他的办法增强记忆效果，对信息进行视觉化和形象化处理就是常用的策略。日常生活经验和常识告诉我们，我们的大脑在识记言语材料时，如果该材料内容生动、形象、丰富，则可以给我们留下较深刻的印象，内容空洞的材料则容易被人遗忘。不少心理学实验也证明“意象”因素在人脑的记忆中有重要作用：脑对意象材料的记忆效果普遍好于对词语材料的记忆效果，同理，视觉记忆的效果一般来说也普遍好于听觉记忆的效果。这就是说，虽然口译工作者无权对原语内容进行挑选，但是可以充分利用原语的意象载体增强对原语信息的记忆效果。信息的视觉化和形象化策略常常可以运用在口译活动涉及叙述某一事件，描述过程，介绍产品、人物、景点、团体、企业等。

　　复述练习III

　　请看下文，将讲话中的内容进行信息的视觉化和形象化处理，然后复述讲话内容。

　　2-9.mp3

　　上海老城隍庙汇聚具有浓郁海派文化特色的古玩商品和餐厅、茶楼。主要商品市场有华宝楼古玩市场、藏宝楼古玩工艺品市场、紫禁城地下室、上海老街古玩小店等。著名的上海小吃有南翔小笼、三丝眉毛酥、桂花拉糕、鸽蛋圆子、八宝饭等。它以其丰富的商品、独特的经营、周到的服务，吸引着国内外的游客。

　　——节选自《上海概览》

　　2-10.mp3

　　那么，诸位不管是来自城市，还是来自农村，不论是年长，还是年少，那么，都会接触到不少的昆虫。确实，在我们的周围，在自然界当中，有着各种各样的昆虫。那么，有的呢，长得像棍子，像枝条;有的呢，长得像叶片。那么，有的长，有的短，有的头尖;有的呢，头是圆的，头圆;那么，有的是腰比较粗，有的呢，腰非常细，像杆一样。那么，有的昆虫能够发音歌唱，那么，有的呢能够发光。那么，为什么昆虫会大小不同，形状各异?为什么它们会发光?为什么它们会歌唱?那么，我们的民族啊，各个民族各个国家，都有不同的传说。比如，这个蝉，就是我们北方常见的黑蚱蝉。它是怎么来的?它为什么会唱歌呢?据传说，在大概是远古的时代，有一家有三口人，其中呢，老两口和一个女儿。那么，女儿从外表上长得是非常地漂亮，那么，并且针线活儿也做得非常好，人也非常善良。那么，好多人来提亲，但是老两口就是不松口，就是不答应。直到有一天，有个要饭的小伙子，长得又黑又瘦，来了。老两口就悄悄地跟他说：“你愿意不愿意做我们的女婿?”那个小伙子当然说愿意了。但是呢，老两口告诉他一个秘密，就说这个女孩，这个女孩呢，长了个尾巴。这个，自然界是有这种现象的。结果，小伙子说：“行，有尾巴也不要紧。”但是，老两口告诉他：“你不能告诉任何人。如果告诉任何人，那么女儿可能就会死去。”刚开始的时候还挺好。过了一段时间，小伙子有一次喝醉了，人们就说他，说:“你长得这么丑，那么，又穷，为什么娶个貌若天仙的女子?是不是有问题啊?”他就告诉大家说:“哎呀!我媳妇长了个尾巴。”结果，很快消息在周围传开了。那么，他的媳妇呢，就投河自尽了。投河自尽以后就变成了就是在湖北那边的凤尾鱼。小伙子呢，一看媳妇死了，他也非常难受，他也投河自尽，就变成了这个黑蚱蝉，整天叫着“妻啊，妻啊”，所以，那么这个蝉就会发音了，“妻、妻、妻。”

　　——节选自彩万志中央电视台“百家讲坛”《中国昆虫文化》

　　2-11.mp3

　　The last hidden world — China

　　For centuries, travelers to China have told tales of magical landscapes and surprising creatures. Chinese civilization is the world’s oldest and today is largest with well over a billion people. It’s home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups and a wide range of traditional life styles often in close partnership with nature. We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems, but there is great beauty here too. China is home to the world’s highest mountains, vast deserts ranging from searing hot to mind numbing cold, steaming forests, harboring rare creatures, grassy plains beneath vast horizons and rich tropical seas. Now, for the first time ever we can explore the whole of this great country, meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China to the remarkable landscaping which they live. This is wild China.

　　——节选自BBC纪录片Wild China片头语

　　2-12.mp3

　　The 2008 Beijing Olympics began officially on Friday, 8th August 2008 at 8 pm in front of a crowd of 90,000 eager spectators in the Bird’s Nest Stadium.

　　Things got off to a bang with an initial firework display which lit up Beijing’s skyline, followed by a total of 2,008 energetic drummers beating a countdown.

　　Then the crowd was treated to an amazing sequence of intricately-choreographed, beautifully-lit vignettes which took them through 5,000 years of Chinese history and culture.

　　After these performances, it was time for the athletes themselves to take centre stage. In keeping with tradition, Olympic founders Greece led the 204 competing nations into the stadium.

　　China’s 639 athletes entered last behind towering flag bearer Yao Ming, to a thunderous reception from the crowd.

　　Finally, the cauldron was lit by a jet of fire from Chinese Olympic hero Li Ning, who had been hoisted up to the roof of the stadium on wires.

　　China, of course, was not alone in watching the opening ceremony. British newspaper The Guardian said the show “outdid all of its predecessors in numbers, colour, noise and expense.”

　　It describes the unpleasant feeling a person has when someone has something he wants. A young man may suffer from the green-eyed monster if his girlfriend begins going out with someone else. Or, that green-eyed monster may affect your friend if you get a pay raise and she does not.

　　In most places in the world, a green light is a sign to move ahead. A green light on a traffic signal means your car can continue on. In everyday speech, a green light means approval to continue with a project. We want you to know we have a green light to continue this series next week.