2018年翻译资格考试英语笔译高级模拟题：中国

　　汉译英

　　中国作为后发现代化国家，极其需要借鉴国际经验。同时，在和平崛起进程中，中国又要以自己为主，来关注和解决自己的问题。这就是说，中国的现代化一定要有中国特色。

　　比如，在农业问题上，中国将努力走出一条新的节约型道路，即有中国特色的节约方式。现在美国人均年消费石油 25 桶，而中国人均消费不到 1 桶半。如果中国人不顾自己的条件，异想天开想做起“美国梦”，那我们对能源急切需求就会给自己，同事也会给人类带来沉重的负担和无尽的麻烦。又比如，在农村富余劳动力的转移上，我们将逐步走出一条中国特色的城市化道路。

　　目前，中国农村劳动力有 5 亿多人，今后 20 年大约有两亿多人要转移出来，在这个问题上，中国人不能做“欧洲梦”。欧洲在近代历史上，总共有 6000 多万人走到世界各地，到处建立殖民地，改变了世界版图。21 世纪上半叶的中国人，只能在自己的国土上，通过城市和农村的精心协调发展，通过引导农村富余劳动力在不丧失土地的条件下，在城乡之间有序流动，来解决这个世界级的大难题。

　　随着中国经济持续增长，内地企业必须加快攫取世界偏远角落的石油及其它资源。目前，驻外的中国工人已达到近一百万人。

　　单单去年，到国外经商、旅游或留学的内地人预计已从2010年的6000万人次增加到7500万人次。

　　这意味着在利比亚发生的情况将一再发生：有更多中国人在陷入动荡的国家滞留或遭绑架。因此，内地当局必须有良好的协调、精心的规划和快速的应变机制。

　　许多海外媒体自然大肆渲染最新的绑架事件，称这是中国为攫取中东及非洲国家丰富资源所付出的代价。这些地区政治不稳定，西方公司一般都避之则吉。一些外国人甚至指责中国实行新殖民主义，触发当地人不满，致令中国工人成为袭击目标。

　　但内地官方有自己的理由来反驳这些批评。一家国有大公司在非洲有大规模投资，其一名高管私下表示他们也别无选择。他指出，公司乐意到欧美等政治稳定的国家扩张业务，但那些地区的保护主义壁垒较高，市场又已被西方跨国公司占据。

　　随着内地企业继续在高风险地区扩张，寻找能源和商机，中央政府也面临严峻挑战：中国一直实行不干涉别国内政等低调外交政策，但这个政策现在可能要改变，同时又不能引发外国对中国经济和军事影响力扩张的忧虑。

　　当今世界正面临前所未有之大变局，当代中国正处于改革发展的关键阶段。中国人民在为实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的奋斗中，希望同世界各国一道共护和平、共谋发展、共享繁荣。

　　中国同世界的命运紧密相连、息息相关，世界繁荣稳定是中国的机遇，中国和平发展也是世界的机遇。中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路，奉行独立自主的和平外交政策和防御性国防政策，反对各种形式的霸权主义和强权政治，永远不称霸，永远不搞扩张。中国军队始终是维护世界和平的坚定力量。

　　建设巩固国防和强大军队是中国现代化建设的战略任务，是国家和平发展的安全保障。军事战略是筹划和指导军事力量建设和运用的总方略，服从服务于国家战略目标。站在新的历史起点上，中国军队适应国家安全环境新变化，紧紧围绕实现中国共产党在新形势下的强军目标，贯彻新形势下积极防御军事战略方针，加快推进国防和军队现代化，坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标和中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供坚强保障。

　　参考译文：

　　International Experience and Chinese Characteristics As a new comer striving for modernization, China is badly in need of drawing experience from international practice. At the same time, China must rely on itself to address and resolve problems arising in the process of her peaceful rise. In other words, China‟s modernization must beat its own unique characteristics.

　　For instance, with regard to energy issues, China is working hard to blaze a trail in energy conservation so as to shape up a China-style energy-saving approach. Currently, the

　　American per capita annual consumption of oil is 25 barrels, while that for China is no more than a barrel and a half. Should the Chinese ignore their national conditions and indulge themselves in the wildest “American Dream”, the nation‟s desperate energy demands will undoubtedly bring heavy burden and endless trouble both to the Chinese people and the humankind as a whole.

　　Similarly, over the matter of migration of superfluous rural labor force to the city, China is sure to gradually find out the way towards urbanization stamped with Chinese characteristics.At present, China has a labor force of more than 500 million in the countryside, about 200 million of whom are expected to be migrated to the urban areas in the dream the“European dream”. In modern history, Europe has seen altogether over 60 million people depart for every corner of the world to establish colonies overseas, thereby changing the map of the world. For the Chinese people in the first half of the 21st century, however, they can only tackle this formidable universal problem within its own land, first by carefully coordinating urban and rural development and secondly, by providing guided and orderly flow of redundant rural labor force between the countryside and the city without loss of their lands.

　　As the mainland's economy, already the world's second-largest, continues to grow, mainland businesses will have to accelerate their push for oil and other resources in the far corners of the world. There are already nearly 1 million Chinese workers overseas.

　　Last year alone, the number of mainlanders heading abroad for business, pleasure or study was expected to reach 75 million, up from 60 million in 2010.

　　All this means that there will be more cases of Chinese people being kidnapped or stranded in troubled countries, as they were in Libya. And that requires well-co-ordinated, well-planned and rapid responses from mainland authorities.

　　Predictably, many overseas media reports have played up the angle that the latest kidnappings are part of the price Beijing has to pay for heading to those resource-rich, but politically unstable regions in Africa and Middle East that are usually shunned by Western firms. Some foreigners even accuse China of neo-colonialist practices that they say have made Chinese workers the targets of disgruntled locals.

　　But mainland officials have their own reasons to dismiss those criticisms. A senior executive of a major state firm, which has invested heavily in Africa, said privately, "Do we have a choice? We are more than happy to expand in those politically stable countries in Europe or the Americas, but we are facing not only higher protectionist-led barriers, but also the fact that the Western multinationals already dominate the markets."

　　As mainland firms continue to expand in those high-risk areas in search of energy and business, Beijing is facing serious challenges of changing its longstanding, low-profile foreign policies - including that of non-interference in other countries' affairs - without setting off too many international alarms over its growing economic and military clout.

　　Fresh from making straps that purportedly gave your child a straight posture, a mainland company is now trying to give the iPad a run for its money.

　　And instead of directing its marketing at parents, it now targets government officials and business elites as its main clientele.

　　ErenEben, a Beijing-based tablet computer manufacturer, is second only to runaway market leader iPad on the mainland, rising to a market share of nearly 6 per cent in the third quarter last year, according to IT research firm Analysys International. That puts it ahead of the rest of the pack, including fellow homegrown brand Lenovo and South Korean giant Samsung Electronics.

　　The world today is undergoing unprecedented changes, and China is at a critical stage of reform and development. In their endeavor to realize the Chinese Dream of great national rejuvenation, the Chinese people aspire to join hands with the rest of the world to maintain peace, pursue development and share prosperity.

　　China’s destiny is vitally interrelated with that of the world as a whole. A prosperous and stable world would provide China with opportunities, while China’s peaceful development also offers an opportunity for the whole world. China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development, pursue an independent foreign policy of peace and a national defense policy that is defensive in nature, oppose hegemonism and power politics in all forms, and will never seek hegemony or expansion. China’s armed forces will remain a staunch force in maintaining world peace.

　　Building a strong national defense and powerful armed forces is a strategic task of China’s modernization drive and a security guarantee for China’s peaceful development. Subordinate to and serving the national strategic goal, China’s military strategy is an overarching guidance for blueprinting and directing the building and employment of the country’s armed forces. At this new historical starting point, China’s armed forces will adapt themselves to new changes in the national security environment, firmly follow the goal of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to build a strong military for the new situation, implement the military strategic guideline of active defense in the new situation, accelerate the modernization of national defense and armed forces, resolutely safeguard China’s sovereignty, security and development interests, and provide a strong guarantee for achieving the national strategic goal of the “two centenaries” and for realizing the Chinese Dream of achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.