2018年翻译资格考试初级笔译试题：中国发展史

　　汉译英

　　从 19 世纪 40 年代之后的鸦片战争、甲午战争，至 20 世纪 30 年代的日本侵华战争，中国惨遭东西方列强的屠戮和极其野蛮的经济掠夺;再加上封建腐败和连年内乱，中国主权沦丧、生灵涂炭、国力衰弱、民不聊生。深重的灾难、惨痛的事实使中华民族深知和平之珍贵、发展之重要。这样的历史实践形成了中国人民渴望和平、企求安定的心理，坚定了中国人民走和平发展道路的信念。

　　1949 年新中国成立后，我们在发展道路上艰辛探索，既经历过成功的喜悦，也经受过失败的挫折。从 1978 年开始，中国开启了新的征程，从计划转向市场，从封闭转向开放，从自成一体转向融入经济全球化，走独立自主地建设中国特色社会主义的道路，取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。实践充分证明，坚持走和平发展的道路是正确的，既符合中国国情，又顺应时代潮流。中国将沿着这条和平发展的道路，坚定不移地走下去。

　　参考译文一

　　From the Opium War and the First Sino-Japanese War after the 1840s, China's War on Foreign Invaders 1900 to the Japanese War of Aggression against China in 1930s, China was subject to the butchering of the then strong powers in the West and East and their extremely barbarian economic depredation. This, coupled with feudal corruption and years of successive civil strife and chaos, led to the loss of China's sovereignty and the horrendous suffering of her people, her national strength failing and people barely surviving. The grave disasters and the harsh facts have ingrained deeply into the Chinese nation the value of peace and the importance of development. Such a historic experience has shaped the psychology of the Chinese people in our quest for peace and hope for stability, consolidating our belief in following a path to peaceful development.

　　After the founding of New China in 1949, we have made arduous explorations in the course of our development, going through both the joys of success and the frustrations of failure. Starting from 1978, China has embarked on a new journey of transforming from a planned to a market economy, from cloistered up to opening up, from exclusive self-sustaining to integration into globalization. By following a path of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in an independent and self-reliant manner, we have scored glorious achievements that attracted worldwide attention. Practice has amply demonstrated that it is right to adhere to a path of peaceful development, as it conforms to both China's reality and the trend of the times. China will unswervingly march onward alongside this path to peaceful development.

　　参考译文二

　　From the Opium Wars that ravaged China in 1840s and 1860s through the Sino-Japanese War that broke out in 1894 to the Japanese Aggression War on China that started in 1930s, China was subjected to merciless slaughtering and brutal economic plundering by both Occidental and Oriental imperial powers. The external bullying and oppression, coupled with outrageous corruption of feudal imperial courts and incessant turmoil and chaos arising from within, deprived the nation of sovereignty, plunged the people into misery and suffering, and drastically debilitated the country. With untold suffering and tragic episodes in mind, the Chinese nation is keenly aware of how peace shall be cherished and development valued. It is out of this historical context that the Chinese people have shaped their craving for peace and aspiration for stability. What happened in that humiliating part of history has entrenched/anchored the Chinese people‟s conviction in following a path to peaceful development.

　　The founding of new China in 1949 has been followed by strenuous explorations that have produced a mix of successes and failures, exciting progress and frustrating setbacks. China embarked on a whole-new journey in 1978, moving away from planned economy to market-oriented practices and from self-seclusion to opening. China has since been integrating itself into the global economy and remained committed to building socialism with distinctive Chinese features on its own. The remarkable achievements we have accomplished over the years testify to the fact that the road to peaceful development is correct, as it conforms to not only China‟s national reality but also the defining trend of our times. China will stay committed to peaceful rise down the road.