2016年CATTI三级笔译语法讲义三

　　非谓语动词长难句分析及翻译

　　1.Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing rates by measuring feeding rates of　individual zooplankton species in the　laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers.

　　译文：由哈格雷夫(Hargrave)和吉恩(Geen)所进行的研究，对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行了估计，其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率，然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度，计算出实地状况下的群落捕食速率。

　　2.But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and　　nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other—an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly.

　　译文：但是，要想沿着原生和非原生物质之间的界面获取生理特性的必要匹配，需要某种知识，即什么样的分子控制着细胞彼此间的结合——而对这一领域，我们尚未进行充分的探索。

　　3.More probable is bird transport，either externally，by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers，or internally，by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds.

　　译文：更有可能的是鸟类运输：或者是通过外部途径，即由于种籽偶然粘附在羽毛上;或者是通过内部方式，即由于鸟类吞食果子并随后将种籽排泄出来。

　　Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn’t. After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S. Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them. Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning (禁止) the device.

　　The recall may hurt Symbion Inc., maker of the Jarvik-7, but it won’t end the request for an artificial heart. One problem with the banned model is that the tubes connecting it to an external power source created a passage for infection. Inventors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed, along with a tiny power pack, in the patient’s chest. The first sample products aren’t expected for another 10 or 20 years: But some people are already worrying that they’ 11 work-and that America’s overextended health-care programs will lose a precious $2.5 billion to $5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. If such expenditures (开支) cut into funding for more basic care, the net effect could actually be a decline in the nation’s health.

　　31. According to the passage the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be ________.

　　A) a technical failure B) a technical wonder

　　C) a good life-saver D) an effective means to treat heart disease

　　32. From the passage we know that Symbion Inc ________.

　　A) has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts

　　B) will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models

　　C) may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts

　　D) can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years

　　33. The new models of artificial hearts are expected ________.

　　A) to have a working life of 10 or 20 years

　　B) to be set fully in the patient’s chest

　　C) to be equipped with an external power source

　　D) to create a new passage for infection

　　34. The word “them” in Line 7, Para. 2 refers to ________.

　　A) doctors who treat heart diseases

　　B) makers of artificial hearts

　　C) America’s health-care programs

　　D) new models of artificial hearts

　　35. Some people feel that ________.

　　A) artificial hearts are seldom effective

　　B) the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts

　　C) the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts

　　D) America’s health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation’s health

　　(A)(C)(B)(D)(B)