2019年翻译资格考试初级英语笔译练习题：疾病与医疗

　　汉译英

　　1.一项最新的调查表明，埃及妇女在经济平等方面与本国男性差距最大。

　　2.由于药粉不易被儿童吞服，因此专为儿童设计的药物通常是药水。

　　3.心理学研究表明，有钱人对总体生活质量的满意度通常比穷人要高。

　　4.如果你60岁时就觉得自己已经老了，那你的一举一动就真的会像老人一样。

　　5.除非是做特别剧烈的瑜伽运动，否则你实际消耗的能量不足以减肥。

　　6.星期三是人们一周内情绪最低落的一天，因为此时上个周末已经远去，新的周末还未到来。

　　7.自1978年中国实行儿童计划免疫以来，中国儿童的健康发展水平和营养状况不断提高。

　　8.人们一直将儿童肥胖和过激行为的日益增多归咎为看电视太多，但是，关于看电视对儿童学习的影响到底有多大，目前还没有定论。

　　9.知己知彼，百战不殆。

　　10.年纪较大的人经常会出现身体脱水的现象，其中部分原因在于其自身对于口渴的感觉可能已经变得十分迟钝了。但是，老年人也很容易处于体内含水量超标的状态，因为他们的肾功能已经退化。

　　11.针灸是否有助于治疗心脏病及由病菌感染引起的疾病还存在着许多争议。

　　12.比较明智的做法是在50岁之后每年进行一次体检。如果有诸如结肠息肉或家族病史之类的危险因素，这种检查则应提前进行。

　　13.对于骨关节炎患者来说，如果每天吃35粒樱桃，疼痛将会减轻，其效力相当于一剂阿斯匹林。

　　14.大医院和研究中心所采用的现代疗法似乎只注重医治病人身体上的疾病，而忽视了病人的精神状态。

　　15.除了调节体温，水对人体内营养物质的消化、吸收以及排泄都起着很重要的作用。

　　16.三唑酮是一种镇静性抗抑郁药物，虽然现在还没有充分的证据表明除副作用外，其功效可以持续两周以上，但它依然是治疗失眠最常用的处方药。

　　17.除美国以外的所有国家都拥有全民医疗保健体制，人们不禁要问：富有的工业化国家中为什么唯独美国没有这样的医疗体制?

　　18.女性在产后保持充足的睡眠有助于恢复孕前体重，这与健康饮食和锻炼身体同等重要，哪怕每天多睡两个小时也是好的。

　　19.据世界卫生组织称，广受批评的美国医疗体制，因将私人保险与公共资助项目混在一起，区疗支出高于任何其他国家，但整体保障质量却不佳。

　　20.虽然有关病人隐私和医生酬劳等问题还有待解决，但是通过因特网来诊断及治疗疾病的可能性还是十分诱人的。

　　参考译文

　　1.A new survey has found that women in Egypt are the furthest behind men in terms of economic equality.

　　2.Medicine designed for children is usually liquid-based because powder is hard for children to swallow.

　　3.Psychology has shown that richer people are more satisfied than the overall quality of their lives than poorer people.

　　4.If you start to think of yourself as old when you are 60, you will behave old.

　　5.Except for very strenuous yoga practices, you don't really burn enough energy to make any difference in terms of weight.

　　6.Wednesday represents the lowest point in the week as people are furthest away from the weekend that has either just gone or is coming up.

　　7.Since the implementation of planned immunization for children in 1978, the development level and nourishment situation of Chinese children have kept improving.

　　8.Excessive television viewing has been blamed for increasing rates of childhood obesity and for aggressive behavior, while its impact on schooling has been inconclusive.

　　9.You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as yourself.

　　10.Older people are often dehydrated, partly because their sensation of thirst may be blunted. On the other hand, the elderly can easily become overly hydrated, because their kidneys tend to work less efficiently.

　　11.There is still a lot of debate about whether acupuncture can help cure heart ailments and germ- caused diseases.

　　12.It is wise to have an annual physical examination after age 50; earlier if there are risk factors such as polyps or a family history of the disease.

　　13.For a person with inflammation from osteoarthritis, if they eat 35 cherries a day, that is going to give them the pain relief that they would get from getting a dose of aspirin.

　　14.In large hospitals and research centers, modern methods of therapy seem to focus on the physical disease without considering the patient's mental state.

　　15.In addition to its important role in regulating body temperature, water is important to the body for digestion, absorption of nutrients and in removing wastes.

　　16.The most common prescription insomnia medicine is a sedating antidepressant called trazodone, even though there's no good evidence that it offers more than a two-week benefit, and it comes with side effects.

　　17.Given that all countries other than the U. S. have universal health care systems in place, this may invite questions on why the U. S. remains the only wealthy, industrialized country without such a system.

　　18.Getting enough sleep - even just two hours more - may be as important as a healthy diet and exercise for new mothers to return to their pre-pregnancy weight.

　　19.The U. S. model, widely criticized on its combination of private insurance and publicly-funded programs, spends more on health care than any other nation worldwide but ranks low on overall quality of care, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).

　　20.While issues about patient confidentiality and physician payment have yet to be resolved, the possibility of diagnosing and curing diseases via the Internet is tantalizing.