国有企业改革 Reform of State-owned Enterprises (SOE)

　　摆脱困境 be extricated from their predicament

　　包工包料 contract for labor and materials

　　层层转包和违法分包 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting

　　产品结构 product mix

　　产权清晰、权责分明、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management

　　产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing

　　产业的升级换代 upgrading of industries

　　产业高地 industrial leading position

　　产业关联性 production-related association

　　产业结构优化升级 optimize and upgrade the industrial structure

　　厂长负责制 system under which the factory director assumes full responsibility

　　承包经营 contract operation

　　持续提高公司的竞争能力 achieve a lasting upturn in the company's ability to compete

　　初步建立现代企业制度 implement a preliminary modern enterprise system

　　促销 merchandising

　　大型企业集团 large enterprise group

　　带薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits

　　待岗 await job assignment; post-waiting

　　待业 job-waiting

　　待业人口 population waiting for employment

　　地域优势 geographical advantage

　　调节经济运行 regulate the operation of the economy

　　调整产品结构 readjust the product mix

　　董事会领导 leadership of the board of directors

　　对符合条件的企业实行债转股 carry out debt-to-equity swap programs in enterprises where conditions permit

　　对外承包工程 overseas contracted engineering projects

　　防范和化解经融风险 prevent and defuse financial risks

　　分流企业富余人员 redirect surplus employees of enterprises

　　富有献身精神、积极性高涨的员工队伍 a highly motivated and committed workforce

　　改革国有资产管理体制 reform the state property management system

　　改善国有企业负债结构 improve the asset-liability ratios of state-owned enterprises

　　高中级工程技术人员 senior and intermediate-level engineers and technologists

　　搞活企业 invigorate enterprises

　　革新重组 realignment

　　个体、私营等非公有制经济 the non-public sector including self-employed and private businesses

　　工业产值 the industrial output

　　公司法人责任制 the corporate legal person responsibility system

　　公有制的多种实现形式 various forms for realizing public ownership

　　股份合作制 joint stock-holding partnership; the joint stock cooperative system

　　股份制 the shareholding system

　　骨干企业 key enterprise

　　规范监事会制度 standardize the board of supervisors system

　　规范破产 standardize bankruptcy procedures

　　国家财政收入 total national revenue

　　国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises

　　国有控股企业 state holding enterprise

　　国有资产流失 the devaluation of state assets

　　合同管理制 the contract management system

　　红帽子企业 red cap enterprise

　　宏观管理体制 the macro-control system

　　货币政策 monetary policy

　　技术创新 technological innovation

　　家用电器产业 the home electric appliances industry

　　价格性能比 price versus performance ratio

　　兼并破产 merger and bankruptcy

　　减少对市场变化做出反应的时间 shorten the response time to market changes

　　减员增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency

　　揭牌典礼 an official business launch

　　街道企业 neighborhood enterprise

　　紧密型企业集团 tightly-knit groups of enterprises

　　竞争有序 orderly competition

　　竞争择优 select only the best of competing offers

　　开工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity

　　亏损企业 loss-making enterprises

　　亏损企业脱困 losing enterprises in the black again

　　扩大内需 expand domestic demand

　　来料加工 process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing

　　劳动合同制 labor contract system

　　理顺/正确处理改革、发展、稳定的关系appropriately balance reform , development and stability

　　流通体制 the circulation system

　　龙头 a leader

　　内联企业 enterprises with internal connections

　　扭亏增赢 reduction of loss and increase of profits

　　培育统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系 cultivate a unified and open market with orderly competition

　　培育新的消费热点 foster new consumption growth areas

　　激励机制和约束机制 incentive and restraint mechanisms

　　企业文化 corporate culture

　　强化管理，“严”字当头 tighten up management and put strict observance above all else

　　强化社区服务功能 strengthen the function of community

　　强强联合 association between strong enterprises

　　全面提高劳动者素质 improve the overall quality of the workforce

　　全球销售服务网络 the global sales and after-sales service network

　　融中国现代产业于世界经济主流integrate China's modern industry with the mainstream of the world’s economy

　　三无企业 three-no-enterprises

　　商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau

　　商业运作 business dealings

　　深化流通体制改革 deepen the reform of the distribution system

　　生物医药产业 the bioengineering and pharmaceutical industry

　　石油化工产业 the petrochemical industry

　　实行投资主体多元化 Sources of investment must be diversified

　　时常多元化战略 market diversification strategy

　　售后服务 after-sales service

　　树立企业良好形象 foster a good company image

　　统筹规划、突出重点、分步实施 a comprehensive plan that should focus on key areas and be carried out in a step-by-step manner

　　投身于变化的过程中 be committed to the process of change

　　完善法人治理结构 improve the corporate government

　　西部大开发 the large-scale development strategy in west China

　　下岗分流 redirect laid-off workers

　　下海 go in for business

　　兴建南水北调工程 build the south-to-north water diversion project

　　虚拟经济和实体经济 virtual economy and real economy

　　养老、失业、医疗保险金 old-age , unemployment and medical insurance premiums

　　一刀切 impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility

　　一体化生产 integrated production

　　以市场为导向 taking the market as the orientation

　　以质取胜 implement the strategy of success through quality

　　引入竞争机制 introduce competition mechanisms

　　优化结构 optimize structure

　　优化生产过程 optimize production processes

　　优化组合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping

　　优势互补 take advantage of each other's strength

　　再就业服务中心 re-employment service center

　　再就业工程 re-employment programs

　　在业人口 working population

　　政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprises put in the show.

　　支柱产业 pillar industries

　　知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive projects

　　中心环节 the pivotal point

　　抓大放小 invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves

　　转化机制 shift to new management mechanisms

　　转化经营机制 change operating mechanism

　　装备精良 state-of-the-art equipment

　　资金技术密集型产业 capital-and-technology-intensive industries

　　劳动密集型产业 labor-intensive industries

　　自负盈亏 be responsible for their own profits and losses